常用的英文写作修辞, 分析举例描写
1）Sentential adverb 句子副词
一个副词或者词组，基本上可以插入任何位置，制造停顿，突出后方信息，常用词but,however, in fact, indeed
• But the lake wasnot drained before April.
• But the lake wasnot, in fact, drained before April.
放在句首，强调整句话很重要：
• 圣经
• Indeed, the water Igive him will become in him a spring of water welling up to eternal life.
驳斥对方前，让步承认，表示自己的理性和客观， admittedly：
• To be sure, no onedesires to live in a foul and disgusting environment. But neitherdo we want to desert our cities.
2）Exemplum例证:
注意： 例子可以真实也可以是虚构，二手资料如电影文学作品也是可以的
"For example,"such as," or "for instance.""A case in point,""An instance," "A typical situation," "A commonexample," "To illustrate, let's consider the situation"
• Let me give you an example. In the early 1920's in Germany, thegovernment let the printing presses turn out endless quantities of paper money,and soon, instead of 50-pfennige postagestamps, denominations up to 50 billion marks were being issued.
3）. Rhetorical question 反问：
只问不答，因为答案显而易见可以用yes 或no来表示，效果用于强调，引起思考，或者的出明显结论
• But how can weexpect to enjoy the scenery when the scenery consists entirely of garishbillboards?但是当这里的风景完全充斥着花里胡哨的广告牌时，我们还怎么能期望享受什么风景？（设问）强调！
• . . . For if welose the ability to perceive our faults, what is the good of living on? 引起思考！
• I agree the fundingand support are still minimal, but shouldn't worthy projects be tried, eventhough they are not certain to succeed? So the plans in effect now should beexpanded to include . . . .引出明显结论[YES]
4）. Simile明喻 用熟悉事物说明不熟悉的事物，有明显标志词如like名词
• I see men, but theylook like trees, walking. --Mark 8:24
• After such longexposure to the direct sun, the leaves of the houseplant looked like pieces ofovercooked bacon.
as 动词
• They remainedconstantly attentive to their goal, as a sunflower always turns and staysfocused on the sun.
• I want you tocompete as the greatest hero would in the raceof his life.
没有比喻词：
简单的不用解释：Histemper reminds me of a volcano; his heart, of a rock; his personality, ofsandpaper.
避免歧义和不解：
复杂的明显不同的：”Money is like muck,"and "Fortune is like glass,”
• And money is likemuck, not good except it be spread. --Francis Bacon
• Fortune is likeglass--the brighter the glitter, the more easily broken.
• 总结列表：
x is like y
x is not like y
x is the same as y
x is more than y
x is less than y
x does y; so does z
x is similar to y
x resembles y
x is as y as z
x is y like z
x is more y than z
x is less y than z
5). Analogy 类比：
使用读者熟悉，具体不抽象的例子，来说明复杂抽象的事情，并加强认同感。
• You may abuse atragedy, though you cannot write one. You may scold a carpenter who has madeyou a bad table, though you cannot make a table. It is not your trade.
Someanalogies simply offer an explanation for clarification rather than asubstitute argument:
• Knowledge alwaysdesires increase: it is like fire, which must first be kindled by some externalagent, but which will afterwards propagate itself.
比喻和类比的差别：比喻中的两个事物有明显的一致性； 而类比事物之间不一定一致，一致的是整个道理。
Theimportance of simile and analogy for teaching and writing cannot beoveremphasized.
此外，跟多修辞见公众号
Parallelism平行并列 ；Personification 拟人；Hyperbole夸张
• This stuff is usedmotor oil compared to the coffee you make, my love.
Allusion暗指
•
If you take his parking place, you can expect WorldWar II all over again.
更多精彩课程内容请关注优考私塾公众号（微信号：utestschool）
用户评论