第三章-托福口语Task1（原Task2）详解之展开范例

展开范例

如何利用逻辑展开

通常，我们运用逻辑展开一个段落或者一篇文章时，主要 有并列、转折、定义、阐述、举例、细分、背景、总结、原因、 结果、类比以及名言这几种展开方法（详细内容请参见《文勇 的新托福写作手稿》第三章“信息的组织”）。下面我就带着大 家一起来看几道例题。

 例题

    Some people believe that television has had a positive influence on society. Others believe it has had a negative influence on society. Which do you agree with and why? Use details and examples to explain your opinion.

TPO-1 TASK2

参考答案：

I believe that television has had a mainly positive effect on society.Television is one of the best ways to convey information to many people. Forexample, news programs are easy to watch and allow people to effortlessly stayup-to-date with current events. Television news programs cover everything fromlocal events to worldwide news, and are very convenient for people to watchbefore or after work. In addition, I think that television is good for familylife. Families can often sit together and watch television, and in a time whenteenagers rebel against their parents and seek independence, TV offers a niceway for family members to stay close to one another.

——《新托福真题详解——口语分卷（第一册）第二版》

答案解析：

第一句“I believe that television has had a mainly positive effect on society.”表达观点，用的句型结构比较简单，即“I believe that...”。

 TIPS

   除了“I believe/I think”之外，类似这样表达自己观点的句型有很多，如下：

   I agree/disagree that（+ 观点）

   I prefer（+ 观点）

   I suppose that（+ 观点）

   In my opinion/view,（+ 观点）

   ......

在这里，我并不希望给大家非常多的句型结构，因为考试的时候大家并没有足够时间使用很多个结构来体现自己语言的多样性，反倒是选择一到两个自己顺口的、能够做到张口就来的句型更为重要。

另外，大家注意，表达观点时可以加入一些词来使自己保持严谨，譬如，此答案的主旨句中加入了“mainly”，类似的词还有：“almost” “nearly” “personally” “possibly” “generally” “widely” 等。第 2 题要求大家观点明确，但要注音观点别太极端，所以加入这些保持严谨的词有利无害。

第二句“Television is one of the best ways to convey information to many people.”描述电视以何种方式有利于社会，属于 how 的 内容。其中“one of the best”也是严谨的表达，它并没有简单 地说“the best”，也就自然不那么容易被人认定是一个极端的 观点。

第 三 句“For example, news programs are easy towatch and allow people to effortlessly stay up-to-date with current events.”属于举例内容。举例可能是最容易使用的论述方法。本句话是 对上一句的细化表达，用的也是最简单的“for example”来 引 发 举 例。 引 发 举 例 的 方 式 常 见 的 有：“for example” “for instance” “like”“such as” “take something for example”。 这些 连接词清楚地告诉 rater 你使用了哪些论述方法，所以一定要发 音清楚、让 rater 能听见。

第四句“Television news programs cover everything from local events to worldwidenews, and are very convenient for people to watch before or after work.”依旧是举例中的具体内容，描述另 外两个特点。

第五句“In addition, I think that television is good for family life.”中“in addition”表示的是“第二点”。表示“第二点”的 词还有“besides” “second” “secondly”。一般来说，为了论 述充分，我建议学生至少讲两点，讲三点或是一点的情况并不常 见（尽管论述充分的话也可以拿满分）。

本期将由刘文勇老师亲自带你打卡学习托福口语！如有托福学习相关问题，可以加VX：eic12345，回复托福考试干货，为你免费送上14G托福精品知识干货噢！