第三章-托福口语Task2（原Task3）详解之阅读分类

阅读材料的分类

刚才我们讲了口语第二题的相关话题。在这里，我想特别 提醒大家一下： 阅读部分的内容在 45s 后是会消失的（第三题 也是如此）。也就是说，我们在听听力材料时是看不到阅读内容 的。那么，阅读内容为什么要消失呢？大家想过这个问题吗？ 原因其实很简单。大家可以在自己模考的时候试验一下。我们 如果一边看着阅读内容一边听听力材料，就会觉得听力更容易， 复述起来也就更容易。但如果我们在听听力材料时并没有看阅 读材料的内容，往往就会觉得听力材料中的内容太庞杂，无法 记住。为什么会这样呢？因为如果对着阅读材料内容来听听力 材料，我们就知道听的时候应该注意听哪些内容，标靶清晰。 听力最大的麻烦并不在于听不懂，而在于内容太庞杂、记不下 来。很少有人能够在只听一遍的情况下就把所有东西都记下来。 太难了！老师也很难做到。我们真正需要提高的能力是： 我们 在听听力材料之前，就通过阅读文章了解它的大致内容，然后 再根据这些内容来听听力材料，做到有的放矢。  阅读材料的形式多样，一般可分为如下三类。

（1）通告（Announcement）

    例题 1

Bus Service Elimination Planned

    The university has decided to discontinue its free bus service for students. The reason given for this decision is that few students ride the buses and the buses are expensive to operate. Currently, the buses run from the center of campus past university buildings and through some of the neighborhoods surrounding the campus. The money saved by eliminating the bus service will be used to expand the overcrowded student parking lots.

TPO-2 TASK 3

（2）信（Letter）

例题 2

Bicycle Borrowing Program

 It’s great that the university has a program where students can borrow bicycles from the gym. However, two changes would make the program more convenient. First, the borrowing period should be shortened to four hours maximum so that more bikes would be available when students want to borrow them. Second, currently, students who borrow bikes have to leave a cash deposit, which is returned to them when they return the bikes, but I think students should be required to leave their student identification cards instead, so they don’t have to remember to bring cash.

Sincerely,

Susan Lee

TPO-33 TASK 3

（3）文章（Article）

例题 3

University Makes Changes to Orientation Program

Madison University is making a change to the orientation program for first-year students. In the past, as part of orientation, new, incoming students could go on a two-day hiking and camping trip together with other incoming students on the weekend before classes begin. In order to encourage more students to take advantage of the opportunity to get to know one another in an informal setting, the university will now offer a choice of activities: students will be able to either go hiking or participate in organized group games on campus. Additionally, these activities will last one day only, not two, a change many students had requested.

TPO-43 TASK 3

阅读材料的作用是为考生听到的对话提供背景信息。这些 背景信息包括：学校提出的提案（可以是 policy、 regulation、 plan 等）以及提案产生的原因或者提案的细节，或者两者 都有。在后面例题中我会对阅读材料的文章结构进行详细 解读。