3月31日英语新闻： 欧洲多城空气污染下降

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1 / $2 trillion stimulus bill

美国史上最大刺激计划

US President Donald Trump on Friday signed into law the largest economic stimulus package in American history - a $2 trillion relief measure in response to the coronavirus pandemic. 

美国总统特朗普27日签署了应对新冠肺炎疫情的2万亿美元救助计划，让其正式生效成为法律，这是美国史上最大规模的经济刺激法案。

The law will give direct payments and jobless benefits to individuals, money to states and a huge bailout  to businesses battered by the crisis. 

法案包括为个人提供现金补助和失业救助、对州政府予以拨款、以及针对遭受疫情冲击的企业的大规模援助。

The number of Americans filing claims for unemployment benefits surged to a record of more than 3 million last week as strict measures to contain the coronavirus pandemic ground the country to a sudden halt, unleashing a wave of layoffs that likely brought an end to the longest employment boom in US history.

为控制新冠肺炎疫情蔓延而采取的严格措施令全美突然陷入停顿，上周美国申请失业救济的人数飙升至创纪录的300多万人。疫情导致了裁员潮，这将很可能结束美国史上最长的就业繁荣纪录。

重点词汇：

stimulus

英 /ˈstɪmjələs/ 美 /ˈstɪmjələs/

n. 刺激；激励；刺激物

bailout

英 /ˈbeɪlaʊt/ 美 /ˈbeɪlaʊt/

n. 紧急救助；跳伞

halt

英 /hɔːlt; hɒlt/ 美 /hɔːlt/

n. 停止；（英）小火车站；跛，瘸；（口令）立定

adj. 跛的，瘸的

v. （使）停止，（使）立定；突然停下；完全停止；（口令）立定；阻止（新闻报道）；跛行；(尤指逻辑或诗韵)有缺陷；踌躇，犹豫

2 / Air pollution reduces sharply

欧洲多城空气污染下降

The level of air pollution in London, Rome, Milan and Paris has fallen sharply since coronavirus lockdown measures have forced people indoors and off the roads. 

因新冠肺炎疫情封锁措施，多地民众被迫待在家中，不再上街，伦敦、罗马、米兰和巴黎的空气污染水平大幅下降。

Levels of particulate matter, which can come from road transport and burning fuel, as well as nitrogen dioxide, which comes primarily from vehicle exhausts, are low across London. 

在伦敦，来自公路运输和燃料燃烧的颗粒物，以及主要来自汽车尾气的二氧化氮的含量都很低。

The UK capital's levels of ultra-fine particulate matter, known as PM2.5, are currently around half of what would normally be recorded at this time of year. The city's level of nitrogen dioxide has also been lower than the average for the previous five years, scientists say. 

目前，伦敦的超细颗粒物(PM2.5)水平约为往年同期正常水平的一半。科学家表示，伦敦空气中的二氧化氮水平也低于过去5年的平均水平。

Both pollutants have fallen by around a half since a peak in mid-February, according to data from the London Air Quality Network, analyzed by the National Centre for Atmospheric Science. Meanwhile, European Environment Agency data confirmed a 50% decrease in air pollutant concentrations in Rome and Milan. A Paris air quality monitoring agency has also recorded up to a 30% decline in overall air pollution levels there. 

根据英国国家大气科学中心分析的伦敦空气质量网络数据，这两种污染物的水平自2月中旬达到峰值以来，已下降大约一半。与此同时，欧洲环境署的数据证实，罗马和米兰的空气污染物浓度下降了50%。巴黎一家空气质量监测机构的数据显示，巴黎的整体空气污染水平下降了30%。

重点词汇：

nitrogen

英 /ˈnaɪtrədʒən/ 美 /ˈnaɪtrədʒən/

n. [化学] 氮

3/ China's new entry restrictions

我国加强入境管制措施

China was compelled to temporarily suspend entry into the country for foreign passport holders with valid visas or residence permits in order to deal with the spread of COVID-19, Foreign Ministry spokesman Geng Shuang said on Friday. "We also took into account the practices of many other countries," Geng said at a regular news conference. 

在27日举行的外交部例行记者会上，外交部发言人耿爽表示，中方为应对新冠肺炎疫情，参考多国做法，不得已暂停持有效签证、居留许可的外国人入境。

He said China will stay in close touch with all parties and properly handle personnel exchanges with the rest of the world. Effective Sunday, domestic airlines are required to reduce their international routes to only one per country and cap the number of flights to and from each country to no more than one flight per week, while foreign carriers can maintain only one air route to China and operate no more than one flight a week, according to a notice issued by the Civil Aviation Administration of China.

中方愿与各方保持密切沟通，做好当前形势下中外人员往来工作。根据民航局发布的通知，自29日起，国内每家航空公司经营至任一国家的航线只能保留1条，且每条航线每周运营班次不得超过1班；外国每家航空公司经营至我国的航线只能保留1条，且每周运营班次不得超过1班。

重点词汇：

personnel

英 /ˌpɜːsəˈnel/ 美 /ˌpɜːrsəˈnel/

n. 人事部门；全体人员

adj. 人员的；有关人事的

4 / British PM tests positive

英首相确诊，带病仍“不下火线”

British Prime Minister Boris Johnson has tested positive for coronavirus on Friday and is self-isolating in Downing Street. He said he had experienced mild symptoms over the past 24 hours, including a temperature and cough, but would continue to lead the government. 

英国首相鲍里斯·约翰逊27日新冠肺炎病毒检测结果呈阳性，目前正在唐宁街进行自我隔离。他表示，在过去24小时里，自己出现体温升高、咳嗽等轻微症状，但仍将继续领导政府。

England's Health Secretary Matt Hancock said he had also tested positive while England's Chief Medical Officer, Prof Chris Whitty, has shown symptoms. 

英格兰卫生大臣马特·汉考克表示，他的检测结果也呈阳性，而英格兰首席医务官克里斯·惠蒂教授也出现了症状。

Figures released on Sunday took the UK's death toll for people who had tested positive to 1,228, up 209 on the previous day. 

根据29日公布的数据，英国检测呈阳性的患者死亡人数达1228人，较28日增加209人。

If Johnson becomes too ill to run the country, under British protocol his Foreign Secretary Dominic Raab would temporarily lead the government.

根据英国的规定，若约翰逊病情过于严重而无法治理国家，则其外交大臣多米尼克·拉布将暂时领导该国政府。

重点词汇：

protocol

英 /ˈprəʊtəkɒl/ 美 /ˈproʊtəkɑːl/

n. 协议；草案；礼仪

vt. 拟定

vi. 拟定

Hi everyone, here are words you should know from today's news.

No.1 stimulus

US President Donald Trump on Friday signed into law the largest economic stimulus package in American history - a $2 trillion relief measure in response to the coronavirus pandemic. 

No.2 bailout

The law will give direct payments and jobless benefits to individuals, money to states and a huge bailout businesses battered by the crisis. 

No.3 nitrogen

Levels of particulate matter, which can come from road transport and burning fuel, as well as nitrogen dioxide, which comes primarily from vehicle exhausts, are low across London. 

No.4 personnel

He said China will stay in close touch with all parties and properly handle personnel exchanges with the rest of the world. 

No.5 protocol

If Johnson becomes too ill to run the country, under British protocol his Foreign Secretary Dominic Raab would temporarily lead the government.

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