“三孩”政策配套措施发布！｜ Measures to support third-child policy(1)

“三孩”政策配套措施发布！｜

Measures to support third-child policy

China will establish a comprehensive support system by 2025 that helps to "significantly reduce" burdens on couples related to child-rearing and education in a set of policy tools to boost the number of newborns, the central authorities said on Tuesday.

周二，中央发文称，到2025年，中国将建立全面的生育支持政策体系，以有效减轻夫妇养育子女的家庭负担，中国推出一系列配套措施以提升人口生育率。

These efforts will see birthrates improve to some degree with fast-paced investment in pregnancy and day care services and related facilities during the period, according to a document issued on Tuesday that sets out a decision made by the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the State Council on June 26.

据周二发布的文件，中共中央和国务院已在6月26日做出相关决定。政府所作出的努力将使出生率在一定程度上得到改善，在此期间使得日托和孕期内的服务及相关设施得到了大量的投资。

The "sex ratio, structure and quality" of the Chinese population will also improve with the help of the reforms, said the document, which aim to improve the nation's childbirth policies and achieve long-term balanced population growth.

该文件中指出，中国人口的“性别比例、结构和质量”也将在改革的中得到改善，政策旨在改善国家的生育政策，实现人口的长期均衡增长。

The document issued on Tuesday spells out the specific measures to implement the policy decision of the central authorities on May 31 to allow all couples to have a third child, as the country faces the continuous challenges of a graying society and a decreasing birthrate.

因中国持续面临着的老龄化和出生率下降，周二发布的文件详述了中央5月31日关于允许所有夫妇生育三个孩子的政策及具体措施。

The document said financial burdens, a shortfall in the provision of day care services and women's career concerns were among the major factors that have reduced couples' willingness to have more children.

该文件称，经济负担、子女照料、女性对职业发展的担忧是降低夫妇生育意愿的主要因素。

It called on local authorities to abolish the social compensation fee imposed on people who breach family planning policies, and remove any link between this and education and employment opportunities.

文件要求地方政府取消对违反生育政策的人征收社会抚养费，并将入学和入职与个人生育情况脱钩。

The document also asked local governments to streamline the handling of matters such as the issuing of birth certificates, vaccinations for newborn babies and applications for social security cards.

该文件还要求地方政府简化出生医学证明发放、儿童预防接种和社保卡申领等事项的处理。

Broader support will also be rolled out in a wide range of sectors to improve the provision of day care services, the document said, adding that kindergartens will be encouraged to admit children younger than 3, the lower limit under the current admission policies.

文件称，将以多种形式提供大力支持改善托育服务，并补充到，将鼓励幼儿园招收3岁以下的儿童，这是现行招生政策的最低年龄限制。

The document suggests couples with younger children will have access to tax reductions, subsidized housing and breastfeeding leave. Inspections will also be made to ensure pregnancy and childbirth does not jeopardize women's career opportunities.

该文件表明，有婴幼儿子女的夫妇将获得税收减免、住房补贴和哺乳假。 政府还将开展督查，以确保生育不会危及妇女的就业机会。

The document noted that China will continue to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of families with only one child, such as the current reward and assistance system and policies for families with only one child and rural families with two daughters, born before the introduction of the second-child policy.

文件指出，中国将继续保障独生子女家庭的合法权益，如对全面两孩政策调整前的独生子女家庭和农村计划生育双女家庭，继续实行现行各项奖励扶助制度和优惠政策。

Efforts will also be made to explore setting up an improved leave system for offspring from one-child families to care for their parents.

中国还将努力探索设立独生子女父母护理假制度，以便独生子女照顾父母。

China will also tighten supervision of reproductive health services, it said, adding that the aim is to enhance the level of prenatal and postnatal care services and to build a system of reproductive health services with balanced supply and demand.

中国还将加强规范人类生殖技术服务体系，并补充说，这一举措是为提高产前和产后护理服务的水平，以建立一个供需平衡的人类辅助生殖技术服务体系。

As the authorities are still overhauling rules in line with the new third-child policy, many couples have found themselves in limbo. Under China's family planning rules, couples usually need to obtain official documents to expand their families.

由于三孩政策的相关法律法规还在全面修订中，许多夫妇陷入僵局。根据中国计划生育政策规定，他们需要办理相关证件来生育儿女。

To address this, the authorities in some parts of China, including the Tibet autonomous region and Anhui province, have allowed couples to go ahead with their plans to have more children, and they will be able to apply for the official documents once the new rules are in place.

为了解决这个问题，中国一些地区的当局，包括西藏自治区和安徽省，已经允许夫妇生育第三胎，待新政策措施出台，就能够办理相关证件。

China started to promote family planning in the 1970s and included it in the Constitution as a national policy in 1982.

中国在20世纪70年代开始推广计划生育，并在1982年将其作为一项国家政策纳入宪法。

The authorities started to relax family planning policies after the sixth national census, whose results were released in 2010 and pointed to the accelerating aging of the population.

在第六次全国人口普查后，当局开始放宽计划生育政策。其于2010年公布的结果显示，人口老龄化进程逐步加快。

Starting in 2013, the authorities allowed couples who were both only children to have a second child, and the policy was expanded to cover all couples in 2016. This is estimated to have led to the birth of an additional 10 million babies in the subsequent years.

从2013年开始，双方都是独生子女的夫妇可以生育第二个孩子，2016年该政策受众扩大到所有夫妇。据估计，这让随后的几年里新增了1000万新生儿。