疯狂英语词霸天下第一课 advise

第一部分“五官表达”

第1课  看 vis  advise

疯狂英语词霸天下的目标就是：用复述句子征服口语！用口语表达掌握单词！

同学们，朋友们，大家好，我是张翔老师，现在我们开启词霸天下第一课！

我在发刊词中已经明确提出我们要养成读文章时一定要看一句后深度理解，然后就要转述出来的转换习惯！为了迅速提高同学们的转述能力，我们专辑第一部分“五官表达”第一课将选定一个表达“看”的词根词advise，它本身就是一个非常重要的转述动词！并且我们还会引出另外两个非常重要的近义词！

另外，为了同学们能够说出流利地道的英语句子，我们还会通过吟唱的主要方式“RAP”说唱形式来训练英语发音！希望大家一定要按照节奏鼓点反复模仿反复操练！一定会有绝佳效果！而且跟着节奏听对提高听力极有用处！I want to make Rapping a regular part of my series lectures! They sure helped me a lot! I hope that all will get lots of use out of it!

掌握英语的节奏非常非常重要！重要的事情说三遍！节奏中哪个是读重音或轻音呢？除强调外，人称代词、物主代词、疑问词、介词、连词、副词、冠词和系动词都要弱读，而实义动词、名词和形容词等在句子中表达内容一定要重读！！！之所以发音不地道不纯正不流畅的根本原因就在于此！也是为什么很多朋友看美国大片总是听不清楚对白台词的主要原因！

我可以示范一下美国播音员的新闻报道形式，大家可以仔细听听里面的重音节奏和发音特点。

When you read，read aloud. Reading aloud brings the text to life and speaking practice. Develop your muscles of speech organs as well as your listening comprehension.                       

同学们一定不要有惰性！记住：Habit is a second nature.习惯成自然！

一、词根记忆顺口溜：Here’s a doggerel that would be fun.

说说看热闹！

see和look都在看!

光看不说两边站，

vis会看相，

瞧一瞧！看一看！

能说会道把你劝！

see look 看，看见

Come and see you again soon.很快再来看你。

I see what you mean.我明白（看得懂）你的意思。

That looks interesting.看起来很有趣。

It looks like rain.看起来好像要下雨了。

That WeChat image doesn’t look like her at all.微信头像看起来根本不像她。

She looked for him but couldn’t see him in the crowd.

她找他但在人群中看不到他。

He advised me to see a movie.他建议我去看场电影。

我们第一课要首先要学的词根词是第一大分类“五官表达”中表达“看”课程中的advise，可以说是一个5星级的单词！Let me explain first that…

第一，advise也是一个非常重要的转述动词，使用频率很高，可以转述他人表达的非常多的意思；

第二、advise所关联的词也都是非常常用的高频词；

第三，俗话说，听人劝，吃饱饭！多听朋友的劝告很有用！

口语复述的前提是首先深度理解别人说话的含义！We need to provide students with many opportunities to retell，and retell，and retell. The skills and strategies make comprehensible input instruction the most effective way to speak English.

我再教同学们怎么样才是转述。最常用到的转述可以是：看到一句话，你用第三人称转述出来：Will you read the first sentence, please?

I love coffee.

Oral expression：She said that she loved coffee.

What time is it?

Oral expression：He asked me what time it was.

好，我们现在就来说说advise的转述例子：Will you read the next sentence, please?

Teacher: I think you should hurry up and finish the activity.
Student 1: I didn't understand.
Student 2: The teacher advised us to hurry up and finish the activity.

二、advise  [əd'vaɪz]  同学们可以闭上眼睛听我描述：

词根vis看 ad = to,去看→去看什么情况→e，在吵架，去劝告，引申为劝告，忠告，建议；出主意，提供建议。                                                                 

n.  advice劝告，忠告（没有复数形式，一个忠告a piece of advice）

take advice接受劝告

Taking my advice. Don’t do it.

听我劝，别干这事。

Give me advice.给我建议。

Ask your teacher’s advice.征询你老师的建议。

Ask your teacher for advice on how to prepare for the exam.

I chose it on his advice.

advisable明智的，可取的

加形容词后缀ible，可听人劝的，引申为明智的，

Early booking is advisable.

提前预定是明智的。

We were advised to book early if we wanted to get a room.

Police are advising people to stay at home.

警察告诫人们待在家里。

You’d better get there early this evening.

I advised him to get there early that evening.

Police are advising people that an ID card should be carried with you at all times.

同学们一起按照英语节奏操练下面的句子吧！ Read the following sentences line by line.Reading aloud brings the text to life.If you don’t read aloud, you wouldn’t get any speaking practice at all.

Advise + someone + to + infinitive

Advise + (that) + clause

Advise + against + verb-ing

You’d better see the doctor.

She advised me to see the doctor.

I'd advise against leaving early.

I advised him to leave as soon as possible.

I would strongly advise against it.

advise (sb) against sth/doing sth

I would advise against going out on your own.

我要奉劝你别单独外出。

Police are advising people to stay at home.

I advised her to save her money.

His doctor advised him against smoking.

She advises the president on American policy.

They're advising that children be kept at home.

Doctors advised that he should be transferred to a private room.

四、advise与suggest 都可作“建议”讲,二者用法有同有异。

近义词：也是重要的词根词和转述动词：

suggest   gest 运载，sug=sub向下，向下运，向下运东西，向下运观点，引申为建议，提议（后面的第三大部分“足下生辉”课程中我会专门讲解词根gest和它所造出的词根词）

Let’s go out to eat.

I suggested (that) we go out to eat.

我建议出去吃。

He suggested taking an early train.

He suggested that I take an early train.

Suggest + verb-ing

I suggest leaving soon

Suggest + (that) + clause

I suggest that you come as soon as you can.

advise与suggest表示动作，是"向……建议"的意思，两者的区别是：advise后面加somebody (not)to do...,而suggest后面必须加somebody(或者somebody's)doing...，当然两者都可以接宾语从句，注意宾语从句的动词形式必须是(should) (not) do...。如下面三个句子：
a、I advise my father to stop smoking.
b、I suggest my father( father's) stopping smoking.
c、I advise/suggest (that) my father (should) stop smoking.
advise与suggest的另一个区别是：可以说suggest something to somebody，而advise一般不能接something作宾语。

(1) 相同点 都可表示建议做某事,advise与suggest后面都可接名词/动名词/ that从句（should加动词原形,should可以省略）.例如：

You’d better wait a bit longer.

他建议（我们）再等一会儿.
He advised/ suggested waiting a bit longer.
He advised/ suggested (our) waiting a bit longer.
He advised/ suggested that we (should) wait a bit longer.
上面的第三句可转化为：
            It was suggested that we (should) wait a bit longer.
            What he suggested was that we (should) wait a bit longer.
            His suggestion was that we (should) wait a bit longer.

(2)不同点
advise后可以直接跟人称代词作宾语,如：advise sb.to do sth.; advise sb.against (doing) sth.; advise sb.on/ about sth.; 而suggest后一般用suggest to sb that …形式。如：他建议我们改天再来.
[正]He advised us to come another day.
[误]He suggested us to come another day.
[误]He suggested us that we come another day.

(3)suggest还有“暗示、表明、指出（一个事实）”的意思.此时从句中用陈述语气,不用虚拟语气.如：
Her expression suggested pleasure.她面露喜色.

名词形式advice, suggestion
advice与suggestion是名词，都表示"建议、意见"的意思。两者的最大区别在于advice是不可数名词，表示"一条建议"用a piece of advice,"一些建议"是some advice；而suggestion则是可数名词，表示"一条建议"用a suggestion，"一些建议"是some suggestions, "许多建议"是many suggestions。

五、advise、suggest与persuade 的区别
persuade后面接somebody to do...，它的特别之处是它表示结果，不表示动作，是"成功地劝说，说服"的意思。
I advise my father to stop smoking but I can't persuade him to.

我劝说我父亲戒烟，但是我没能说服成功。
此外advise与persuade之间可以转换

try to persuade=advise, manage to advise=persuade

persuade也是词根词，词根suade就是表达劝告的意思，前缀per全，引申为“把该劝告的话全说了”→说服。persuade也是非常重要的转述动词。第一大部分“五官表达”后面课程中我会专门讲授词根suade和它所造的词根词。

I persuaded him to buy an iPhone.

He persuaded me to buy the shoes.

I've persuaded Mr. Obama that it's time he retired.

He persuaded other people that his opinion was correct.

We had managed to persuade him that it was worth working with us.

六、它的近义词convince也是一个重要的词根词，词根vince是征服的意思，前缀con指共同，convince引申为“共同征服别人使别人心服口服”使相信，使信服，使确信。我后面会专门解析这个词根和它所造的词根词。

Believe me！It’s true/it exists.相信我这是真的。相信我这是存在的。

复述Retell：He convinced me that it was true.

           他说服我这是真的。

           He convinced me that it existed.

           他说服我这是真的。

Believe me！I can do well in this big game.相信我！我能在游戏中玩好的。

复述Retell：He convinced me that he could do well in that big game.

后面我们在第七部分“世间百态”课程中还会解析与persuade相近的另外一个词根“arg”（白色，明亮，干净）造出的词根词argue，argue含有争论、争吵和争辩的意思。Argue也是非常重要的转述动词！！！常在新闻报道中出现，引用转述新闻当事人的话！