中国计划成为全球首个发行主权数字货币的国家

China is preparing to become the first country to launch its own digital currency.
中国正准备成为首个推出主权数字货币的国家。
China's central bank has released few details of its Digital Currency Electronic Payment (DCEP) project. Work on the project began five years ago.
中国央行没有公布多少关于其数字货币电子支付项目的细节。该项目工作已经于5年前开始。
Some observers say the DCEP shows both financial innovation and the government's desire to increase control over the movement of money.
一些观察家表示，中国数字货币电子支付项目既显示了金融创新，也显示了中国政府希望加大对货币流通的控制。
China's digital currency has similarities to Facebook's proposed digital currency Libra and existing cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin. Like those forms of payment, the Chinese currency will be stored in a digital wallet.
中国的数字货币与脸书网提出的天秤币以及现有的比特币等加密货币相似。跟这些支付方式一样，人民币将存储在数字钱包中。
What is somewhat different is that China's central bank will be able to follow where the money is going and even supervise trading.
有所不同的是，中国央行将能够追踪资金流向，甚至是监督交易。
Observers say the goal of the project is for China to protect its economy at a time when newer payment systems could permit illegal money flows.
观察人士称，中国开展该项目的目标是在新型支付系统允许非法资金流入之际保护中国的经济。
Keyu Jin is a professor at the London School of Economics. She said, "There's a consensus around the world among central bank governors and governments at large that they want to have control of money and money supply."
金刻羽是伦敦经济学院的教授。她说：“全球范围的政府和央行行长已经达成共识，他们希望能够控制货币和货币供应。”
She added that the strong desire for control "is probably more unique to China than anything else."
她还说，这种强烈的控制欲“可能对中国来说更为独特。”
In September, China's central bank chief Yi Gang said there was no timeline for launching the digital currency and that more work needed to be done. The Reuters news agency reports that the People's Bank of China has sought legal rights to more than 50 inventions related to the digital currency.
今年9月，中国央行行长易纲表示，中国推出数字货币暂无时间表，目前还有许多工作要做。路透社报道称，中国人民银行已经申请了50多项与数字货币相关发明的合法权利。
Chinese officials have not hidden their disapproval of Facebook's Libra. They have called it a threat to the sovereignty of China and other developing economies. China claims that digital currencies should only be provided by governments or central banks.
中国官员并未掩盖他们对脸书网天秤币的反对。他们称这是对中国等发展中经济体主权的威胁。中国声称数字货币应该只能由政府或央行发行。
Mu Changchun is the head of the Chinese central bank's digital currency research center. He has suggested that the new currency should be made available through commercial banks, just as physical money is.
穆长春是中国央行数字货币研究中心的负责人。他建议这种新货币应该像实体货币一样通过商业银行发行。
The digital currency will follow models similar to systems such as Apple Pay and the Chinese payment system Alipay. These require a commercial bank to put money into a digital wallet that can be downloaded onto a smartphone.
这种数字货币将会遵循类似苹果支付或支付宝等支付系统的模型。这些支付系统需要通过商业银行将钱存入可以下载到智能手机上的数字钱包中。
Unlike physical money, however, a tracking system could follow the digital currency's movements from one person to another.
但是跟实体货币不同的是，一种追踪系统可以追踪这些数字货币在人们之间的流通。
Mu said the digital currency would strike a balance between anonymous payments and "classified supervision." He said the goal is to prevent illegal financial activities, with officials able to watch for such activity by studying huge amounts of information.
穆长春表示，这种数字货币将在匿名支付和分类监管之间取得平衡。他称目标是为了防止非法金融活动，官员们可以通过研究大量信息来监管此类活动。
"Once we analyze these transactions, use big data and data mining technology and conduct identity comparisons, we will be able to find the culprits," he said.
他说：“一旦我们分析这些交易，使用大数据和数据挖掘技术并进行身份比较，我们就能找到元凶。”
So far, there has been limited public reaction in China, a country already used to weak privacy protections and government control. But people on social media sites such as Weibo have expressed a mix of feelings. Some say a digital currency could prevent corruption. But others are concerned. One user asked: "What will happen to my freedom to build wealth, my secrets and safety?"
迄今为止，中国公众对此反应有限，该国已经习惯于疲弱的隐私保护以及政府监管。但是微博等社交媒体上的用户却发表了不同观点。有人称数字货币可以防止腐败。但是其他人有所担忧。有用户问：“我积累财富的自由，我的隐私和安全将会面临什么？”
Huang Qifan is a vice chairman of the China Center for International Economic Exchange research group. He said the People's Bank of China has been studying digital currency for five or six years. He believes it is ready to be put into use.
黄奇帆是中国国际经济交流中心的副理事长。他说，中国人民银行研究数字货币已经有五六年时间了。他认为它已经做好了投入应用的准备。
"China will likely be the first country in the world to issue sovereign digital currency," he said.
他说：“中国可能将会成为全球第一个发行主权数字货币的国家。”
I'm Mario Ritter Jr.
我是小马里奥·里特。