铁子们！冲吖！！！！为了复试加油！嫌语速慢的可以倍速昂~1.25倍感觉可以~
源自恒星英语网，翻译详见原网https://m.hxen.com/englishlistening/rumen/huanqiu/2019-09-30/524953.html
Lymphatic Filariasis, aworm disease
淋巴丝虫病——一种寄生虫病
Thank you for joining us today for Spotlight. I'm Rebekah Schipper.
AndI'm Joshua Leo. Spotlight uses a special English method of broadcasting. It iseasier for people to understand, no matter where in the world they live.
Antoinette St. Fab sells rice and oil in a market in Haiti. She is thirty yearsold. She works very hard in the busy market. But Antoinette has a problem. Herlegs are swollen. Fluid fills them. They are very large. Her left leg is almostthirty centimetres thick. She has trouble finding shoes to fit her feet. Andshe has to cut her clothing to fit over her legs. This helps her to walk moreeasily. Antoinette has Lymphatic Filariasis. Antoinette says:
"In the past, I used to carry (food) like spaghetti and canned milk on myhead and walk around selling them. But I can not do that any more."
Antoinette used to experience fevers and infections in her legs. She hasprevented this by washing her legs often. She also puts medicine on them. Buther legs often still hurt. And they continue to make her life difficult. WhenAntoinette's husband learned that her legs would not become smaller, he lefther. She worries that her new boyfriend will also leave her. The other women atthe market insult her.
"I stepped on someone's foot by accident, and she said. 'Hey yam leg, donot put your fat foot on me.' I told her: 'Oh, be quiet. God gave me this leg.Do you think that if I went to the store to buy a leg, this is the one I wouldchoose?'"
Antoinette asked doctors to cut off her leg. But the doctors would not do it.They said that having a large leg is better than having no leg. They said thatif they cut off her leg, other parts of her body could become large andswollen.
Thisis a common problem among people in very poor countries. Mosquitos, insectsthat drink blood, spread the disease. The mosquitos carry young worms, a long,thin organism, in their bodies. These long thin organisms enter a person's bodywhen the mosquito bites him. One worm in a person's body does not do damage.But when many worms enter a person's body, then problems begin.
Maleand female worms mate inside a person's body. The female worm releases manylarvae, or baby worms, into a person's lymphatic system. The lymphatic systemis part of the immune system. It helps a person to fight sickness. Thelymphatic system is made up of two main parts: the vessels and the nodes. Thevessels are tubes that spread through a person's body. The nodes are likelittle balls connected to the vessels. When the baby worms enter the lymphaticsystem, it becomes infected. The worms cause these areas to fill up with fluid.The name Lymphatic Filariasis comes from these two parts. Lymphatic means thelymphatic system. Filariasis comes from the word filaria. This is thescientific word for worms.
Overone hundred twenty million people in eighty countries suffer from LymphaticFilariasis. The disease affects people in different ways. Some people's legsgrow large like Antoinette's leg. But more often, the disease affects men'ssexual organs. Many people are not comfortable talking about how the diseaseaffects men. Some men lie about their problem. They do not want to admit thatthey have a disease.
Manymen with Lymphatic Filariasis have enlarged scrotums. Sometimes a scrotum, apart of the male sexual organ, grows past a man's knees. This swelling iscalled a hydrocele. It can be very painful. It can make walking difficult. Butmany men feel shame when they have this problem. They do not talk about it.They do not seek help from a doctor. If a man does not accept that he has adisease, he will never get help.
Doctors can operate on men to make the hydrocele smaller. But swollen legscannot be made smaller. Filariasis can not be cured. The worms are too strong.They live too deep in the body. Doctors cannot remove them with surgery.Medicine today is aimed at killing the baby worms in a person's body. Themedicine prevents more worms from growing.
Butthe medicine does not fix the problem fast. The medicine cannot kill the adultworms living in a person's body. A person with filariasis must wait for theadult worm inside her to die. This may last six years! And making sure that everyonein a community takes their medicine can be difficult. Medicine also costs a lotof money. Most people in these poor villages cannot buy it.
Oneway that people receive medicine is by using salt. The World HealthOrganization has given money to start a salt program in Haiti. Fifty people inHaiti buy local sea salt. They remove rocks and wood from the salt. Then theywash it. After that, they put liquid medicine on it. They put the salt intocontainers. They sell it to local people. It costs twenty-six cents to make onecontainer of salt. But the people must sell the salt for ten cents to competewith normal salt prices. Local people use this salt in their homes. But theyalso receive the medicine. This will prevent Filariasis from spreading inHaiti.
Thesalt treatment has worked in other countries around the world. China began touse the salt method in the nineteen seventies. China stopped the disease byordering people in villages to use this kind of salt. China stopped Filariasisbecause the Chinese government supported the fight against the disease.
TheWorld Health Organization has made a goal to stop this disease by the year2020. It will give medicine to the people in the villages. The World HealthOrganization teams want to prevent people from becoming infected by the worms.But they will also teach people who already have the disease. The teams willteach them ways to fight infection and reduce swelling. This treatment isalready helping many people like Antoinette. The World Health Organizationhopes that soon Lyphatic Filariasis will no longer exist.
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