声音简介
20个元音：
[i:] [ɪ] [e] [æ]
[ɜː] [ə] [u:] [ʊ]
[ɔ:] [ɒ] [ɑː] [ʌ]
[eɪ] [aɪ] [ɔɪ] [əʊ]
[aʊ] [ɪə] [eə] [ʊə]
28个辅音：
[p] [b] [t] [d]
[k] [g] [f] [v]
[θ] [ð] [s] [z]
[ʃ] [ʒ] [tʃ] [dʒ]
[tr] [dr] [ts] [dz]
[m] [n] [ŋ] [l]
[r] [j] [h] [w]
美式音标48个音素
24个元音：
[i] [ɪ] [e] [ɛ]
[æ] [ɑ] [ɑr] [ɔ]
[ɔr] [ɔɪ] [o] [u]
[ʊ] [ʊr] [ʌ] [ə]
[ɝ] [ɚ] [aɪ] [aʊ]
[ɛr] [ɪr] [ɪə] [iə]
24个辅音：
[p] [b] [t] [d]
[k] [g] [f] [v]
[θ] [ð] [s] [z]
[ʃ] [ʒ] [tʃ] [dʒ]
[m] [n] [ŋ] [l]
[r] [j] [h] [w]
英式音标vs美式音标(左英右美)
[i:]→[i] 、[ɪ]→[ɪ]
[e]→[ɛ] 、[æ]→[æ]
[ɜː]→[ʌ][ɝ] 、[ə]→[ə][ɚ]
[u:]→[u] 、[ʊ]→[ʊ]
[ɔ:]→[ɔ] 、[ɒ]→[ɑ][ɔ]
[ɑː]→[ɑ] 、[ʌ]→[ʌ]
[eɪ]→[e] 、[aɪ]→[aɪ]
[ɔɪ]→[ɔɪ] 、[əʊ]→[o]
[aʊ]→[aʊ] 、[ɪə]→[ɪə][ɪr]
[eə]→[ɛr] 、[ʊə]→[ʊr]
英式音标辅音部分多四个：
[tr] [dr] [ts] [dz]
美式音标vs英式音标(左美右英)
[i]→[i:] 、[ɪ]→[ɪ]
[e]→[eɪ] 、[ɛ]→[e]
[æ]→[æ] 、[ɑ]→[ɑː]
[ɑr]→[ɑː][ɑː(r)] 、[ɔ]→[ɔ:]
[ɔr]→[ɔ:][ɔ:(r)] 、[ɔɪ]→[ɔɪ]
[o]→[əʊ] 、[u]→[u:]
[ʊ]→[ʊ] 、[ʊr]→[ʊə][ʊ(r)]
[ʌ]→[ʌ] 、[ə]→[ə]
[ɝ]→[ɜː][ɜː(r)] 、[ɚ]→[ə][ə(r)]
[aɪ]→[aɪ] 、[aʊ]→[aʊ]
[ɛr]→[eə][e(r)] 、[ɪr]→[ɪə][ɪ(r)]
[ɪə]→[ɪə] 、[iə]→[i:ə]
美式音标辅音没有这四个：
[tr] [dr] [ts] [dz]
英式音标(DJ音标)和美式音标(KK音标)的区别
1.[e]的符号在英美音标中表示不同的意思
[e] vs [ɛ] 、[eɪ] vs [e]
英式音标[e]的发音等于美音的[ɛ]，而美式音标[e]的发音等于英音的[eɪ]
2.长音符号
[i:] vs [i] 、[ɑ:] vs [ɑ]
[ɔ:] vs [ɔ] 、[u:] vs [u]
英式音标中有4个长元音符号，而美式做了简化，去除了长音符号，但读音不变
3.美式音标简写了2个双元音符
[eɪ] vs [e] 、[əʊ] vs [o]
英式音标认为这2个音标是双元音，而美式音标认为这2个音标是单元音。因为在美式发音中，的确也有把这2个音按照单元音来发的
4.美式音标没有[ɒ]的发音
[ɔ:] vs [ɔ] 、[ɒ] vs [ɔ]
英式音标中的[ɔ:]和[ɒ]到了美式音标变成了同一个音标[ɔ]，有些[ɒ]音的单词到了美式发音中变成了[ɔ], 另一些则变成了[ɑ]
5.用小尾巴和[r]表示卷舌音
[ɜː] vs [ɝ] 、[ə] vs [ɚ]
美式音标给[ɜː]和[ə]符号后边加上了小尾巴表示卷舌。英式音标一般不涉及卷舌；如果要用来标注美式发音，则会写作[ɜːr]和[ər]来表示卷舌，或者[ɜː(r)]和[ə(r)]。实际上, 现在一些词典已经不对这两个音做区分了, 统一写作[ər]
6.美式音标有5个卷舌双元音
[ɑr] [ɔr] [ʊr] [ɛr] [ɪr]
英式音标中[ɑr]和[ɔr]相当于[ɑ]和[ɔ]，[ʊr] [ɛr] [ɪr]相当于[ʊə] [eə] [ɪə]，以上五个在英式音标中全都不卷舌
7.英式音标多4个辅音
[tr] [dr] [ts] [dz]
因为现代语言学者认为它们不是独立的音位，而是辅音连缀，因此被去除
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