S02 EP09: City News丨Shenzhen's "ecological bookkeeping" shows GEP exceeding 130 billion yuan
The concept of "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" has been deeply rooted in people's minds with constant progress made in the betterment of ecological environment. On October 22, “The Shenzhen Annual Gross Ecosystem Production (GEP) Accounting Report of 2020” was officially released, putting a "value" on Shenzhen's lucid waters and lush mountains. According to this report, Shenzhen's annual GEP for 2020 was 130.382 billion yuan, with a GEP per unit area of 65 million yuan per square kilometer, ranking highest among the regions known to have carried out GEP accounting.
Regulating climate,valued at 48.824 billion yuan, is the biggest contributor
The Report shows that Shenzhen's GEP in 2020 was 130.382 billion yuan. Of which, the value of material goods stood at 2.355 billion yuan, and the regulating services and cultural tourism services was 69.952 billion and 58.075 billion yuan, accounting for 1.8%, 53.7% and 44.5% respectively. Regulating services and cultural tourism services are main service functions provided by the ecosystem in Shenzhen.
To be more specific, the value of ecosystem services in Shenzhen that account for relatively large proportions of GEP are: regulating climate at 48.824 billion yuan, the biggest contributor with abouta proportion of 37.4%. Climate regulation services provided by the ecosystem in 2020 can save 68.095 billion kWh of power, equivalent to 69% of Shenzhen's power consumption of that year. Tourism and leisure services at41.939 billion yuan, accounting for about 32.2%. The city’s featured eco-parks and scenic spots received some 26.187 million tourists in 2020, and free ecological spaces such as natural parks, urban parks, community parks and greenways provided leisure and recreation services to about 1 billion visits. The premium value of natural landscape was 10.975 billion yuan, accounting for about 8.4% of GEP.
"According to the official GEP accounting results for 2020, Shenzhen's total GEP value is limited by the size of the city, but the total value per unit area is 0.65 billion yuan per square kilometer, which is the highest among regions known to have carried out GEP accounting." Ouyang Zhiyun, Director of Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, said this result reflects the capacity of Shenzhen to supply urban ecological products and the people’s sense of fulfillment from the ecological environment.
"Shenzhen registered increases in both GEP and GDP during the 13th Five-Year Plan period
In March this year, Shenzhen officially announced the establishment of the "1+3" GEP accounting system, which is the first complete accounting system for gross ecosystem production in the country. Subsequently, the municipal Ecology and Environment Bureau, Statistics Bureau and Development and Reform Commission gathered 16 organizations to complete the Shenzhen GEP accounting for 2020 and compiled the Report in accordance with the Shenzhen GEP accounting system.
Shenzhen is the first city in China to develop and implement an accounting system for the gross production value of ecosystems. Combining environment and economy through GEP accounting is a good exploration of the concept and practice of urban ecological management in China, and a concrete measure to implement a comprehensive reform pilot in Shenzhen, and serves as a pilot for China to promote high-quality urbanization and ecological and environmental management in rapidly urbanizing areas.
An official from Shenzhen Ecological Environment Bureau said that through the measurement of GEP of Shenzhen in previous years, it was found that during the 13th Five-Year Plan period, the overall GEP of Shenzhen has been steadily increasing, and so has its GDP. In the future, Shenzhen will continue to improve the GEP accounting system and strive to maintain leadership in this regard in the country. The city plans to further carry out refined GEP accounting in each district (new district), explore marine and area-specific or project-specific GEP accounting, try adding GEP into monitoring, assessment, planning and decision-making, so as to make greater contributions to building a beautiful China.
第二季第九集：城市资讯｜深圳“生态账本”新鲜出炉 年度GEP超1300亿元
随着生态环境质量的改善，“绿水青山就是金山银山”的发展理念深入人心。10月22日，《深圳市2020年度生态系统生产总值（GEP）核算报告》正式发布，为深圳绿水青山贴上“价值标签”。经核算，深圳市2020年度GEP为1303.82亿元，深圳市单位面积GEP为0.65亿元/平方公里，在已知开展GEP核算的区域中位居前列。
调节气候价值达488.24亿元，占比最大
《报告》显示，深圳市2020年度GEP为1303.82亿元。其中，物质产品价值23.55亿元，调节服务价值699.52亿元，文化旅游服务价值580.75亿元，占比分别为1.8%，53.7%和44.5%。调节服务和文化旅游服务是深圳生态系统提供的主要服务功能。
具体来看，深圳生态系统服务价值占比较大的有：调节气候价值488.24亿元，占比最大，约占GEP的37.4%。2020年生态系统提供的气候调节服务可节能680.95亿千瓦时，相当于深圳当年用电量的69%。旅游休闲服务价值419.39亿元，约占GEP的32.2%。2020年深圳市特色生态景区接待游客数2618.77万人次，自然公园、城市公园、社区公园和绿道等免费生态空间提供约10亿人次休闲游憩服务。自然景观溢价价值109.75亿元，约占GEP的8.4%。
“根据官方公布的2020年GEP核算结果，深圳的GEP总值受城市面积所限，但单位面积总值为0.65亿元/平方公里，在已知开展GEP核算的区域中居于前列。”中国科学院生态环境研究中心主任欧阳志云表示，这一结果反映了深圳城市生态产品的供给能力强大，市民的生态环境获得感充足。
“十三五”期间深圳实现GEP与GDP双提升
今年3月，深圳正式公布建立了“1+3”GEP核算制度体系，该体系为全国首个完整的生态系统生产总值核算制度体系。随后，深圳市生态环境局会同深圳市统计局、深圳市发改委按照深圳市GEP核算制度体系，组织16个单位完成了深圳市2020年度GEP核算，编制了此次《报告》。
深圳是我国首个制定生态系统生产总值核算制度并实施的城市，通过GEP核算把环境与经济有机地结合起来，是对我国城市生态管理理念和实践的一次有益探索，更是深圳落实综合改革试点的一项具体措施，为我国推进高质量城镇化建设和快速城市化地区的生态环境管理开展先行示范。
深圳市生态环境局有关负责人表示，通过对深圳市其他年份的GEP的测算，发现 “十三五”期间，深圳市GEP总体稳步提升，实现了GEP与GDP的双提升。未来，深圳将持续完善GEP核算体系，努力保持这项工作在全国的先行示范性；并进一步开展各区（新区）GEP精细化核算，探索海洋、重点片区和重点项目的GEP核算，推动GEP进监测、进考核、进规划、进决策，为建设美丽中国作出更大贡献。
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