CHAPTER 35 THE UNITED STATES IN 1860
361. Growth of the Country
The United States was now three times as large as it was at Jefferson ＇ s elec - tion . It contained over three million square miles of land . About one - third of this great area was settled . In the sixty years of the century the popu - lation had increased even faster than the area had increased . In 1800 there were five and a half million people liv - ing in the United States . In 1860 there were over thirty - one million people within its borders . Of these nearly five millions were white immigrants . More than half of these immigrants had come in the last ten years , and they had practically all of them settled in the free states of the North . Of the whole population of thirty - one mil - lions only twelve millions lived in the slave states , and of these more than four millions were negro slaves .
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