11月9日午间英语新闻：“自古逢秋悲寂寥”，怎么破？

>August anxiety: why we get anxious at the end of summer
“自古逢秋悲寂寥”，怎么破？

As summer gives way to autumn, many of us long for warmth and sunlight. It is common for some of us to feel upset when the days get shorter. People call this phenomenon autumn sadness. 
秋冬时节，昼短夜长，一些人会感到“季节性”的悲伤难过——其实“悲秋”很常见。

While autumn sadness is a common seasonal feeling we have as sunlight comes in shorter supply, for some people, it takes on a more serious form known as seasonal affective disorder, or SAD.
虽然秋天的悲伤是一种常见的季节性情绪，但对一些人来说，它会以一种更严重的形式出现，即季节性情感障碍。

SAD, a form of depression, mostly starts in late autumn or early winter and goes away in spring and summer. People who have SAD typically oversleep, overeat, and lose interest in activities they once enjoyed. Generally, almost all people suffering from SAD feel sad, helpless, and even desperate.
季节性情感障碍是抑郁症的一种，通常为秋冬发作，春夏缓解。患有季节性情感障碍的人可能会嗜睡，吃得过饱，对曾经喜欢的活动失去兴趣。一般来说，患有季节性情感障碍的人大都会感到悲伤、无助，甚至绝望。

The exact cause of SAD is not yet completely understood, but several factors have been linked to its development. Johns Hopkins University suggests that reduced exposure to natural light during the autumn and winter months may disrupt the body’s internal clock and the hormones produced, such as melatonin and serotonin, which are related to sleep and emotions, respectively. This disruption can lead to depression.
季节性情感障碍的具体病因尚未可知，但有几个因素与它的发展有关。约翰霍普金斯大学表示，秋冬季节自然光照的减少，可能会扰乱人体的生物钟和产生的激素，如褪黑素和血清素，这两种激素分别与睡眠和情绪有关。这种混乱会导致抑郁。

Addressing SAD often requires medical help. Light therapy is a common and effective treatment. Patients are advised to expose themselves to sunlight or man-made light that imitates natural sunlight. Light therapy can help regulate patients’ hormones and get their lives back on track.
解决季节性情感障碍通常需要医疗帮助。光疗法是一种常见且有效的治疗方法。建议患者将自己暴露在太阳光下，或用模仿自然光的人造光。光疗法有助于调节患者的激素水平，让他们的生活回到正轨。

Moreover, living a healthier life, such as maintaining a regular sleep schedule, taking part in regular physical activity, and having a balanced diet, can help manage SAD. But it’s also important that people seek help from a medical professional to determine the most suitable treatment plan for their specific needs.
此外，保持健康的生活方式也是个不错的方法。如：保持规律的作息，进行体育锻炼，以及营养均衡的饮食，这些都可以帮助我们缓解这种季节性情绪。但同样重要的是，人们应该寻求专业医疗人员的帮助，以确定最适合自己的治疗方案。

It is worth noticing that, according to the National Institute of Mental Health of the US, in most cases, SAD begins in young adulthood. So, while embracing knowledge in books and classes, don’t forget to embrace the sunlight outdoors and get energy from nature!
值得注意的是，根据美国国家心理健康研究所的数据，在大多数情况下，季节性情感障碍始于青年时期。所以，在书本和课堂上学习知识的同时，别忘了拥抱户外的阳光，从大自然中获取能量！


>Physicist demonstrates invisibility technology in Shanghai
“隐身衣”将成为现实？中国科学院院士展示“隐身术”

In the future, everybody will have a Harry Potter invisibility cloak in the closet, said Chu Junhao, of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Shanghai, on Saturday.
周六（10月28日），中国科学院院士褚君浩在上海举行的“bilibili超级科学晚”活动上表示，“未来哈利•波特的隐形斗篷将成衣柜里的日常用品”。

At the Super Science Night held by Bilibili, China's major video-sharing platform, Chu showed how invisibility can be achieved with special technologies and materials.
活动上褚君浩院士分享了这项令人惊叹的科学发现——利用特殊材料实现“隐身术”。

He asked two staff members to hold a panel in front of him. Initially, the lower part of his body was visible through the panel. After rotating the panel 90 degrees, his lower half disappeared, but the stage behind him could still be clearly seen.
褚君浩院士请两名工作人员手持一块面板，起初透过面板还可看到人物的下半身。而将这块材料旋转90°之后，褚君浩院士的下半身“消失不见了”，但能够清楚地看到人物身后的舞台场景。

The magic was realized by a lenticular grating composed of rows of tiny cylindrical convex lenses, and each vertical cylindrical convex lens can shrink and thin objects parallel to it, so that light can be refracted, according to Chu.
据褚君浩院士介绍，实现上述“隐身”效果的材料为柱镜光栅，它由一排排微小的圆柱状凸透镜排列组成，每一个竖直圆柱状凸透镜都能把平行于它的物体缩小变细，使光线能够有规律地折射。

When a row of cylindrical convex lenses forms a grating, several images that are too small to be noticed by the eyes are produced, achieving an invisibility effect.
当一排圆柱状凸透镜形成光栅，则产生若干个细到被眼睛忽略的成像，视觉上达到“隐身”效果。

"Invisibility in science fiction will become reality as invisibility technology and materials develop," Chu said. "More invisibility equipment will change our life, such as invisible rooms that can provide better privacy, and invisible hearing-aids."
“未来，随着‘隐身’技术和‘超材料’的逐渐成熟，科幻作品里的‘隐身’畅想将逐渐走向现实。”褚君浩称，相信未来还会有更多‘隐身’装备改变我们的生活，比如私密性更好的隐形房间，隐形助听器等。