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He's an American business magnate, lawyer, investor and philanthropist.
他是美国商业巨头、律师、投资家和慈善家。
He's vice chairman of Berkshire Hathaway the investment company chaired by Warren Buffett.
他是伯克希尔·哈撒韦公司的副董事长，该公司由沃伦·巴菲特担任董事长。
He has a net worth of 1.3 billion dollars.
他身家高达13亿美元。
He's Charlie Munger and here are his top ten rules for success.
他是查理·芒格，以下是他的十大成功法则。
The other great secret is that we're good at lifelong learning.
另一个伟大的秘密是我们擅长终生学习。
Warren is so much better in some ways in his 70s and 80s than he was younger that it's almost awesome.
从某些方面来看，现在华伦的能力远胜于年轻时，这实在令人赞赏。
If you keep learning all the time you have a huge advantage.
如果你一直坚持学习，你就会获得巨大的优势。
And we both just like it.
我们都喜欢学习。
And we have a wonderful group of friends.
我们有一群好友。
Really wonderful. From them we can learn a lot.
真的太棒了。从他们身上我们也能学到很多。
Well luckily I got at a very early age the idea that the safest way to try and get what you want is to try and deserve what you want.
很幸运地，我很早就知道想要心想事成的最安全的方法是，努力配得上你想要的东西。
It's such a simple idea. It's the golden rule so to speak you. You want to deliver to the world what you would buy if you were on the other end.
这是一个简单的道理，是一个黄金准则：你如何对待世界，世界就会如何对待你。
There is no ethos in my opinion that is better for any lawyer or any other person to have by.
在我看来，无论是对律师还是对其他人来说，这都是他们最应该有的精神。
And by and large the people who have this ethos when in life and they don't win just money, just honors and emollient once they win the respect, the deserved trust of the people they deal with.
总的来说，拥有这种精神的人在生活中能够赢得许多东西，他们赢得的不止是金钱和名誉。还赢得尊敬，理所当然地赢得与他们打交道的人的信任。
And there is huge pleasure in life to be obtained from getting deserved trust.
能够赢得别人的信任是非常快乐的事情。
And so and the way to get it is to deliver what you'd want to buy if the circumstances were reversed.
所以，如果情况刚好相反，你想获得什么，你就得传递什么。
One of these guys at the Berkshire meeting from one of the foreign publications said quite a couple of guys in a little place in Omaha do so much better than all these powerful minds and great institutions.
伯克希尔会议上有一个人是国外出版商，他说就一群人在奥马哈这个小地方达到的成就，连大机构中有权势的人也做不到。
And I said, "Well I think Warren and I know "the edge of our competency better than other people do." And that's humility and an umbrella sense and that is a very important thing to know.
我说，“我认为沃伦和我比其他人更清楚自己的优势。”这就是谦逊和保护意识，这是一件非常重要的事情。
I say over and over again it's not a competency if you don't know the edge of it.
我一再强调，如果你不能知道自己能力的边界，那么它就称不上是能力。
You were a disaster if you don't know the edge of your own competency.
如果你不知道自己能力的边界，那么你就会变成一场灾难。
Why I'm frequently says I'd rather deal with a guy with an IQ of 130 who thinks it's 125. Than the guy with the IQ of 180 who thinks it's 200. That second guy will kill you.
为什么我常说我宁愿和一个智商有130，却认为只有125的人打交道，也也不愿和智商180 却自以为200的人打交道。因为第二个人会害死你。
And and so it is very important to know the edge of your own competency.
因此，了解自己的能力优势非常重要。
It's not my nature when you get little surprises as a result of human nature to spend much time feeling betrayed.
我不是那种当遭遇到令人失望的人性时，会浪费很多时间去埋怨与体味别人背叛的人。
I'm always want to just put my head down on it just so I don't allow myself to spend much time ever with any feelings of betrayal.
我总是选择低下头，对它视而不见。我不会让自己浪费太多时间去关注别人的背叛。
So you're asking the wrong person because of if some flickering idea like that came to me I'd get rid of it quickly.
你真的问错人了，因为如果这样的情绪一冒出头，我就马上抛之脑后。
I don't like any feeling of being victimized I think that's a counterproductive way to think as a human being.
我不喜欢受害者心态。我认为，它对人们来说是一种浪费时光、蹉跎光阴的行为。
I am not a victim I'm a survivor.
我不是一个受害者，相反的，我认为自己是一个幸存者。
I listened in law school when some wag said a legal mind is a mind that when two things are all twisted up together and interacting it's feasible to think responsibly about one thing and not the other.
我在法学院听过一些人说，什么是法律头脑？如果有两件事交织在一起，相互之间有影响，你努力只考虑其中一件，而完全不顾另一件，以为这种思考方式既实用又可行的头脑就是法律头脑。
Well I could see from that one sentence that that was perfectly ridiculous and it pushed me further into my natural drift.
我知道他是在说反话，他说的那种"法律"方法是很荒唐的，这给了我很大的启发。
Which was into learning all the big ideas and all the big disciplines so I wouldn't be a perfect damn fool who was trying to think about one aspect of something that couldn't be removed from the totality of the situation in a constructive fashion.
因为它促使我去学习各学科中所有的重要道理，这样我就不会成为那位教授所描绘的蠢货。
And what I noted since the really big ideas carry 95% of freight there wasn't at all hard for me to pick up all the big ideas in all the disciplines and make them a standard part of my mental routines.
因为真正重要的大道理占每个学科95%的份量，所以对我而言，从所有的学科吸取我所需要的95%的知识，并将它们变成我思维习惯的一部分，也不是很难的事情。
Once you have the ideas of course they're no good if you don't practice, if you don't practice you lose it.
当然，掌握了这些道理后之后，你们必须通过实践去使用它们。若不实践，就会忘了。
So I went through life constantly practicing this Malo disciplinary approach.
所以我这辈子不断地实践那种跨学科的方法。
Well I can't tell you what that's done for me.
这种习惯帮了我很多忙。
It's it's it's made life more fun, it's made me more constructive, it's made me more helpful to others, it's made me enormously rich, you name it.
它让生活更有乐趣，让我变得更有建设性，它使我变得更有益于他人，让我变得非常富有，而这无法用天分来解释。
That attitude really helps.
这样的态度真的很有帮助。
We have to deal in things that we're capable of understanding.
我们做事只做我们懂的事。
And then once we're over that filter we have to have a business with some intrinsic characteristics that give it a durable competitive advantage.
一但超越了这层，我们只能挑选一家体质良好、拥有长久竞争优势的公司。
And then of course we would vastly prefer a management in place with a lot of integrity and talent.
我们也相当喜爱管理阶层能力强又很正派的公司。
And finally no matter how wonderful it is it's not worth an infinite price.
最后不论一家公司有多好，也不值花大钱买它。
So we have to have a price that makes sense and gives a margin of safety considering the natural vicissitudes of life.
所以我们得定出一个合理价格，并留下安全边际以防意外的发生。
That's a very simple set of ideas and the reason that our ideas have not spread faster is they're too simple.
这套理念相当简单，我们的理念没有广为流传的原因在于，太浅显易懂了。
The professional classes can't justify their existence if that's all I have to say.
专业理财课程就没有存在的理由。
We have this system where we translate very trustworthy people and give them enormous trust.
我说实话，我们以这样的系统来看出值得交付重任的人，并委以重任。
And as they practice that trust they get more confirmed in being trustworthy.
当我们交付重任，他们就越能担负重任。
And eventually we've got this seamless web of trust which is incredibly efficient and very useful.
到后来 我们得到全然的信赖关系，这样经营公司效率高又很务实。
And by the way this is not just my doctrine there's a doctrine economics that tries to explain why firms come into existence.
此外 这不是我独创的，有一种经济学学说可以解释的。
And firms come into existence because a lot of people who trust one another operating within a firm are more efficient than they would be if they were a bunch of independent proprietors.
公司基于什么理由成立，是因为一批人信任彼此并肩经营公司，其效率高于他们各自独资经营公司。
I'm really following a very key idea of the greatest lawyer of antiquity.
我想引用古代最伟大的律师一个重要思想。
Marcus Tullius Cicero and Cicero is famous for saying a man who doesn't know what happened before he's born goes through life like a child.
马库斯·图利乌斯·西塞罗有句名言：如果一个人不知道他出生之前发生过什么事情，在生活中就会像一个无知的孩童。
That is a very correct idea of Cicero's and he's right to ridicule somebody so foolish as not to know what happened before he was born.
这个道理非常正确，西塞罗正确地嘲笑了那些愚蠢得对历史一无所知的人。
But if you generalize Cicero as I think one should there are all these other things that you should know in addition to history.
但如果你们将西塞罗这句话推而广之——我认为你们应该这么做——除了历史之外，还有许多东西是人们必须了解的。
And those other things are the big ideas and all the other (mumbling) ones.
所谓的许多东西就是所有学科的重要思想。
And it doesn't help you just to know them enough so you could prattle them back on an exam and get an A. You have to learn these things in such a way that they're in a mental lattice work in your head and you automatically use them for the rest of your life.
但如果你对一种知识死记硬背，以便能在考试中取得好成绩，这种知识对你们不会有太大的帮助。你们必须掌握许多知识，让它们在你们的头脑中形成一个思维框架，在随后的日子里能自动地运用它们。
If you do that I solemnly promise you that one day you'll be walking down the street and you look to your right and left you'll think, my heavenly days I'm now one of the few most competent people of my whole age covert.
如果你们能够做到这一点，我郑重地向你们保证，总有一天你们会在不知不觉中意识到：我已经成为我的同龄人中最有效率的人之一。
Where have I have not made our way in life by making successful macroeconomic predictions and betting on our conclusions.
我一生打下的江山不是靠成功的做出宏观经济预测，然后对我们的预测孤注一掷。
Our system is to swim as competently as we can and sometimes the tide will be with us and sometimes it will be against us.
我们的做法是在能力范围尽可能地游，有时我们会遇到好时机，有时我们会遇到坏时机。
But by and large we don't much bother with trying to predict the tides because we plan to play the game for a long time.
但整体而言，我们不会去预测时机好坏，因为我们打算打一场持久战。
I recommend to you all of exactly the same attitude.
我建议你们也要保持这样的态度。
It's kind of a snare and a delusion to outguess macroeconomic cycles.
它像是海市蜃楼，意图战胜宏观经济循环。
Very few people do it successfully and some of them do it by accident.
很少有人能成功做到这一点，当中有些人是瞎蒙到的。
And the game is that tough why not adopt the other system of swimming as competently as you can and figuring that over a long life you'll have your share of good tides and bad tides.
既然市场难以预测，何不运用其他方法，在能力范围努力，清楚长久以来你会走过好时机和坏时机。
Life will have terrible blows, horrible blows, unfair blows.
人生会遇到可怕的挫折、严重的挫折和无情的打击。
It doesn't matter and some people recover and others don't.
这都不重要，有人撑过来了，有人倒下了。
And and there I think the attitude of Epictetus is the best he thought that every missed chance in life was an opportunity to behave well. Every missed chance in life was an opportunity to learn something. And that your duty was not to be submerged in self-pity but to utilize the terrible blow and construct a finish.
我最认可爱比克泰德看待事情的态度。他认为生活中错失的每一个机会都是锻炼和学习的机遇，你要做的不是沉沦于自我伶悯之中，而是要以建设性的方式利用这些糟糕的打击。
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