·原文一览
Millions die early fromair pollution each year. Air pollution costs the global economy more than $5trillion annually in welfare costs, with the most serious damage occurring in thedeveloping world.
The figures include anumber of costs associated with air pollution. Lost income alone amounts to$225 billion a year.
The report includes bothindoor and outdoor air pollution. Indoor pollution, which includes sources like home heating andcooking, has remained constant over the past several decadesdespite advances in the area. Levels of outdoor pollution have grown rapidlyalong with rapid growth in
industry and transportation.
Director of Institute forHealth Metrics and Evaluation Chris Murray described it as an“urgent call to action.” “One of the risk factors for premature deaths is theair we breathe, over which individuals have little control,” hesaid.
The effects of airpollution are worst in the developing world, where in some places lost-laborincome equals nearly 1% of GDP. Around 9 in 10 people in low- andmiddle-income countries live in places where they regularly experience dangerous levels of outdoor air pollution.
But the problem is notlimited exclusively to the developing world. Thousandsdie prematurely in the U.S. as a result of related illnesses. In many European countries,wherediesel(柴油) vehicles have become more common in recent years, that number reaches tens of thousands.
·参考译文
每年都有数百万人因为空气污染而早早死去，就福利成本而言，空气污染每年造成多于5万亿美元的全球经济损失，而对发展中国家的损害是最为严重的。
该数据包含了一些与空气污染相关的费用。户内空气污染源于诸如家用取暖和家用烹饪等。在过去几十年中，虽然这方面有所改善，但户内空气污染仍然坚持不断。户外空气污染的程度则随着工业和交通的快速发展而迅速加剧。
健康指标与评估研究所所长克里斯·穆瑞将这份报告描述为一项“呼吁采取行动的紧急号召”。他说：“导致人们过早死亡的一个风险因素就是我们吸入的空气，而这是我们个人无法控制的一个因素。”
空气污染产生的影响在发展中国家最为严重，在发展中国家的一些地区，劳动力损失所带来的收入损失相当于几乎1%的国内生产总值。在中低收入国家，大概有十分之九的人们在居住地经常遭受着危险的户外空气污染。
但这一问题并不仅仅局限在发展中国家。在美国，成千上万的人们因为相关疾病而过早死去。近年来，在许多欧洲国家，随着柴油车辆日益普遍，因为相关疾病而过早死去的人的数量达到了几万人。
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