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听力原文
Section C
第三部分
Directions: In this section,you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).
在本节中，你将听到三篇文章。每篇文章结束后，你将会听到三或四个问题。文章和问题都将只放一遍。听到问题后，从标记为A)、B)、C)和D)的四个选项中选出最佳答案。
Then mark the correspondingletter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
并在答题纸1的对应位置上填涂相应的字母。
Passage 1
文章一
All parents know it isdifficult to get children to eat their vegetables.
所有父母都知道让孩子吃蔬菜是一件多么困难的事儿。
Some of them offer rewards ortreats for children finishing their share.
一些父母为了让孩子吃掉他们自己的那份蔬菜，会给他们以奖励。
But researchers havediscovered that youngsters who are not praised for trying vegetables are morelikely to eat them eventually.
但是，调查者发现，那些不会因此得到奖赏的孩子反而最终会更可能吃掉青菜。
The study found that the bestway to get children to eat food they do not like is simply to give themrepeated exposure to it.
研究发现，让孩子们吃掉他们不喜欢的食物，最好的方法就是让他们反复接触这种食物。
Psychologists from GhentUniversity in Belgium studied 98 children.
比利时根特大学的心理学家研究了98名儿童。
They gave them five kinds ofvegetable to eat – mushrooms, peas, eggplants, carrots and cabbages.
他们给孩子们吃了五种蔬菜——蘑菇、豌豆、茄子、胡萝卜和洋白菜。
The taste tests revealed thatcarrots were the least-liked vegetable among youngsters.
味觉测试显示，胡萝卜是这些青少年最不喜欢吃的蔬菜。
The children were then givena bowl of boiled carrots and told to choose how much to eat.
然后研究人员给孩子们一碗煮熟的胡萝卜，让他们自己选择吃多少。
After 8 minutes, they wereasked to rate the dish as "delicious," "just OK" or"disgusting".
8分钟后，他们需要评价这道菜是"美味"、"还好"还是"令人作呕"。
The trial went on twice aweek for a month, with a follow-up taste test after 8 weeks.
试验每周进行两次，为期一个月，8周过后会进行一次后续味觉测试。
Children were split intothree groups, with one group asked to try the bowl of carrots repeatedly withno further encouragement.
孩子们被分成三组，其中一组要反复地在没有进一步鼓励的情况下吃胡萝卜。
The other two groups weregiven rewards of a toy or verbal praise.
另外两组被奖励的是玩具或口头表扬。
After the trail, 81% of childrenwho simply tried the carrots consistently liked them.
试验结束后，第一组中81%的孩子会一直喜欢吃胡萝卜。
This is in contrast to 68%for the group given a toy and 75% for the group given verbal praise.
这与给予玩具组的68%和口头表扬组的75%形成了对比。
Questions 16 to 18 are basedon the passage you have just heard.
根据听到的文章，回答第16至18题。
Question 16: What is the bestway to get children to eat vegetables according to a recent study?
第16题：根据最近的一项研究，让孩子们吃掉蔬菜的最好方法是什么？
Question 17: What did the researchersfind about carrots?
第17题：关于胡萝卜，研究人员发现了什么？
Question 18: What does theresult of this research show?
第18题：这个实验的结果表明了什么？
Passage 2
文章二
One thing about the moon manypeople don't know is that it has a lot of garbage on its surface, leftover formhuman space exploration.
关于月球，很多人不知道的是，它的表面有许多人类太空探索遗留下来的垃圾。
But how much garbage exactlyhave humans left on the moon?
但是人类究竟在月球留下了多少垃圾呢？
It's hard to be accurate, butthe trash likely weighs more than 181,000 kilograms on Earth.
虽然很难精确做出统计，但是其总重很可能超过了18.1万千克。
Much of it was left byAmerican astronauts who landed on the lunar surface between 1969 and 1972during NASA's Apollo missions.
其中大部分是美国宇航员在1969年至1972年美国宇航局阿波罗任务期间遗留在月球表面的。
The other rubbish comes frommissions that did not have human crews.
其他垃圾则来自于一些无人探索任务。
These missions were conductedby various space exploring agencies, including those from the US, Russia,japan, India, and Europe.
这些任务是由各个不同的太空探索机构进行的，这些机构分别来自美国、俄罗斯、日本、印度和欧洲。
Many of the older pieces areequipment sent to learn about the moon.
许多年代久远的垃圾都是人类曾经用来探索月球的设备。
The equipment stayed thereafter its missions ended.
任务结束后，这些设备被留在了那里。
The moon is also home tolunar orbiters that mapped the moon before they crashed into its surface,adding to the garbage heap.
月球上还有月球探测器。这些探测器在撞击月球表面之前绘制出月球的地图，撞毁后便成为了垃圾山的一部分。
The objects left by theApollo astronauts included equipment that was no longer needed.
阿波罗宇航员留下的物品中就包括不需要的设备。
Bringing back unneededequipment would have used up precious resources such as fuel.
带回这些不再需要的设备意味着对宝贵资源的浪费，例如，返程所需的燃料。
But, as the saying, goes, oneperson's trash is another's treasure.
但正如老话说，彼之砒霜，吾之蜜糖。
Researchers can study thegarbage left on the moon to see how its materials weathered the radiation andvacuum of space over time.
研究人员可以通过研究遗留在月球上的垃圾，观察其材料是如何在时间的流逝中经受住太空的辐射和真空环境的影响。
Moreover, some of the objectson the moon are still being used, including a laser-range reflector left by theApollo 11 crew.
此外，月球上的一些设备仍在使用中，包括阿波罗11号机组人员留下的激光测距反射镜。
Questions 19 to 21 are basedon the passage you have just heard.
根据听到的文章，回答第19至21题。
Question 19: What does thepassage say may be unknown to many people?
第19题：文章中说到人们可能不了解是什么事？
Question 20: Why has a lot ofequipment been left on the moon?
第20题：为什么会有许多设备被遗留在月球上？
Question 21: What can researchersdo with the garbage on the moon?
第21题：研究人员能拿月球上的垃圾做什么？
Passage 3
文章三
In my line of work, I receivea lot emails. I also send a lot of emails.
在我的职业生涯中，我收到过不少电子邮件，也发出去不少。
Though social media and messagingapps have taken over some of the roles from email as a form of communication,
尽管社交媒体和信息软件已经取代了电子邮件作为通信方式的部分角色，
email is likely to retain animportant role for business communication in the future.
但电子邮件仍可能在未来的商业交流中占有重要的地位。
Surprising, though, a lot ofcompanies and organizations lack formal guidelines for emailing.
然而，令人惊讶的是，许多公司和组织仍缺乏正式的电子邮件使用指导方针。
As most of you will soon beentering the workforce, I would like to share with you my own rules foremailing.
由于你们中的大多数人将很快进入职场，我很乐意和你们分享我自己使用电子邮件的规则。
If someone sends you anemail, reply to them acknowledging the email.
如果有人给你发了一封电子邮件，回复他们对邮件进行确认。
A simple "thankyou" let the sender know that their email has arrived safely,
一句简单的"谢谢"即可让发件人知道他们的邮件已经到达，
that it has not been lostamong what could be 50 other emails that have arrived in your email inbox thatday.
它并没有被淹没在其他电子邮件的海洋里，已当天抵达你的电子邮箱。
It's not necessary to replyto a mass email sent to numerous recipients.
没必要回复群发邮件。
These emails are ofteninformative rather than personalized correspondence requiring a response oraction.
这些电子邮件通常是提供信息，而不是要求回应或行动的私人信件行。
But it's common politeness torespond to a personal message, preferably within 24 hours of receiving it.
对于私人邮件，最好是在收到信息后的24小时内向对方有所回应，这是一种礼貌的行为。
It's also important to useproper English.
同时还应注意使用恰当的英语。
Just because emails are aquick form of communication, doesn't mean emails, especially business emails,should be written using informal shortened forms of words.
不能因为电子邮件是一种便捷的交流方式，就用非正式的缩写形式来写。尤其要注意商务邮件的正式性。
Think of an email as aletter. Spelling, grammar and punctuation should not be overlooked.
把编辑电子邮件当成在写信，拼写、语法、标点都不应忽视。
And never use capitals toemphasize a word or words in an email. It's the same as yelling.
永远不要用大写来强调电子邮件中的单词，这与歇斯底里无异。
Questions 22 to 25 are basedon the passage you have just heard.
根据听到的文章，回答第22至25题。
Question 22: What does thepassage say about email?
第22题：关于电子邮件，文章中说了什么？
Question 23: What should onedo upon receiving a personalized email?
第23题：当你收到一封私人电子邮件时，你应该做些什么？
Question 24: What does thepassage say about a mass email?
第24题：关于群发邮件，文章中说了什么？
Question 25: What should onedo when writing a business email?
第25题：在编辑商务邮件时，你应注意什么？
不慕a
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