今日词汇
grimacing扮鬼脸
acute急性的
stress-induced应激性
musculature肌肉组织
feign假装；装作
Duchenne smile杜兴式微笑
原文（内容选自medical news today）
A recent study finds that both smiling and grimacing could reduce the sensation of pain associated with a “vaccination-like needle injection.” A sincere smile also reduced stress-induced physiological responses in participants.
When humans face acute pain, they tend to close their eyes tightly, raise their cheeks, and bare their teeth. Certain animals use similar facial expressions, which experts often call the grimace response.
As the authors of the recent study explain, “these facial musculature changes can also have a different interpretation: smiling.”
Researchers from the University of California recently set out to “test whether these facial movements are beneficial in the context of stress and pain.”
As the authors of the recent study explain, “feigning a smile, whether conscious or not, may alter emotions in a positive way.”
To investigate possible links between facial expression and pain sensation, the researchers recruited 231 participants. The participants all received a shot of saline solution using a needle similar to those used to deliver a flu vaccine.
According to the authors, the effect of the induced facial expression was strongest immediately after the injection. They explain that “the Duchenne smile and grimace groups reported approximately 40% less needle pain versus the neutral group.”
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