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声音简介
定语从句分为两种,一种在句子中起到限定作用,表明说话人所指的是什么人或什么物,例如:
The woman who lives next door is a doctor.
The woman who lives next door 这里用于表明是哪一个女人。
Grace works for a company that makes furniture.
A company that makes furniture 表明是什么样的公司。
在这样的句子里,从句和被修饰的词之间是没有逗号的。
另外一种类型,定语从句在句子中不起限定作用,只是对被修饰的人或者物做补充说明,例如:
My brother Ben,who lives in Hongkong, is an architect.
这里我们已经知道了说话人所指的是什么人,my brother Ben,who lives in hongkong 只是对Ben的补充说明,而非限定。
这时从句和被修饰的词之间要用逗号隔开。
这两种类型的定语从句中都可以用who指代人,用which指代物,我们来比较一下这两种句型的区别:
限定型定语从句:
从句中可以用that,例如:
Grace works for a company which/that makes furniture.
格雷斯在一家家具公司上班。
当who/which/that作为宾语时可以省略掉,例如:
We stayed at the hotel (that/which) you recommended.
我们住在你推荐的那家酒店。
这种类型的从句中不常用whom。
非限定型定语从句:
从句中不可以用that,举个例子:
John, who(而不用that)speaks French and Italian, works as a tour guide.
乔是一个导游,他说法语和意大利语。
Anna told me about her new job,which(而不用that)she’s enjoying a lot.
安娜跟我说了她的新工作,她特别满意。
在这种类型的定语从句中,who或者which是不能省略的:
We stayed at the Park Hotel, which a friend of ours recommended.
我们住在公园酒店,这个酒店是我们的一个朋友推荐的。
在这种类型的句子中,当who作为宾语的时候,可以用whom代替,例如:
This morning I met Chris, whom I hadn’t seen for ages.
今天早上我遇见了Chris,我已经很久没有见过他了。
whose和where,这两种类型的句子都可以用:
We met some people whose car had broken down.
我们遇到了几个人,他们的车坏了。
Lisa, whose car had broken down, was in a very bad mood.
Lisa心情很糟糕,因为她的车坏了。
根据所给情况,用限定性或非限定性定语从句完成下列句子:
1. There was a strike at the factory. It began ten days ago. It’s now over.
根据上面的三句话,我们可以说:
The strike at the factory, which began ten days ago,is now over.
2. I was looking for a book this morning. I’ve found it now.
I’ve found the book _________________.
3. I’ve had my car for 15years. It has never broken down.
My car_____________________________.
4. A job was advertised. A lot of people applied for it. Few of them had the necessary qualifications.
Few of _____________________________.
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