▍原文
A surge in tomato prices is making some Indian farmers rich, although their windfall gains may be short-lived.
Retail prices of tomatoes were at 178 rupees (US$2.20) a kilo in Delhi on Sunday, a jump of more than 700 per cent from January 1.
The hike, caused by heavy rains disrupting supplies, has hit consumer nerves, with many households temporarily forgoing tomatoes – an essential element of mainstay Indian dishes.
▍语言点
1. surge /sɜːrdʒ/ n. 激增(在短期内大幅度上涨)
2. windfall /ˈwɪndfɑːl/ n. 意外之财
· 构词：wind 风，fall 掉落
· windfall gains 意外的收入，意外之财
3. short-lived /ˌʃɔːrtˈlɪvd/ adj. 短暂的
· His political career was short-lived.
他的政治生涯非常短暂。
4. retail price 零售价
· wholesale price 批发价
5. caused by sth. 表“原因”
6. hit one's nerve 让某人觉得生气、不开心
· His words hit my nerves.
他说的话刺痛了我。
7. household /ˈhaʊshoʊld/ n. 家庭
· 词义辨析：family侧重于“家人、有感情连接的整体”，而 household多用在新闻中，表述的是“生活和消费以户为单位的家庭”
8. forgo /fɔːrˈɡoʊ/ v. 放弃，舍弃(尤其是“不情不愿地放弃想要的东西”)
· 近义表达：give up
· I'm on a diet and I will forgo dessert.
我在减肥，我要戒甜品。
9. mainstay /ˈmeɪnsteɪ/ n. 中流砥柱，最重要的部分(the most important part of something)
· Garlic and chillies are essential elements of mainstay Sichuan dishes.
蒜和辣椒是主流四川菜的主要元素。
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