习惯（五）

2024-04-18 22:11:0802:53 40

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习惯（五）

课程导读

在之前的课程中我们学习完了威廉·詹姆斯提出来的，养成习惯须遵循的三个准则，简而言之分别是：一，无论是养成新习惯还是摒弃旧习惯，都需要我们全力以赴；二，在新习惯稳妥的建立之前，不允许例外的发生；三，有了决心和情绪，一定要行动。养成习惯的作用威廉·詹姆斯已经说明清楚了，养成习惯的方法准则也已经告知，那如何坚定养成好习惯的决心呢？我们一起来读接下来的内容。

英文原文

These latter cases make us aware that it is not simply particular lines of discharge, but also general forms of discharge, that seem to be grooved out by habit in the brain.

Just as, if we let our emotions evaporate, they get into a way of evaporating; so there is reason to suppose that if we often flinch from making an effort, before we know it the effort-making capacity will be gone; and that, if we suffer the wandering of our attention, presently it will wander all the time.

Attention and effort are, as we shall see later, but two names for the same psychic fact.

To what brain processes they correspond we do not know.

The strongest reason for believing that they do depend on brain processes at all, and are not pure acts of the spirit, is just this fact, that they seem in some degree subject to the law of habit, which is a material law.

As a final practical maxim, relative to these habits of the will, we may, then, offer something like this: Keep the faculty of effort alive in you by a little gratuitous exercise every day.

That is, be systematically ascetic or heroic in little unnecessary points, do every day or two something for no other reason than that you would rather not do it, so that when the hour of dire need draws nigh, it may find you not unnerved and untrained to stand the test.

Asceticism of this sort is like the insurance which a man pays on his house and goods. The tax does him no good at the time, and possibly may never bring him a return. But if the fire does come, his having paid it will be his salvation from ruin.

So with the man who has daily inured himself to habits of concentrated attention, energetic volition, and self-denial in unnecessary things. He will stand like a tower when everything rocks around him, and when his softer fellow mortals are winnowed like chaff in the blast.

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