4月26日午间双语新闻：世界最大冰山融化分解 Iceberg A68 melts away

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Innovative hair printing
美发师尝试头发上印花

Barcelona-based stylist and hairdresser Alexis Ferrer has spent years developing a technique that allows him to digitally print colorful designs onto human hair. He started experimenting with hair printing in 2012, after being asked by haircare brand Wella Professionals to interpret a collection at that year's International Trend Vision Awards. Ferrer's first foray into hair printing had him create blond hair extensions with faces of female protagonists from horror classics like “The Shining” or Hitchcock's “Psycho” printed on them. 
巴塞罗那造型师、发型师亚历克西斯•费雷尔多年来一直在研发一种可以让他将彩色图案打印到人类头发上的技术。亚历克西斯•费雷尔从2012年开始试验在头发打印图案，当时美发品牌威娜邀请他在同年的国际潮流视觉奖上为他们的一个系列设计发型。费雷尔第一次在头发上打印图案的尝试成果是把《闪灵》或希区柯克作品《惊魂记》这样经典恐怖电影中女主人公的脸打印在金色假发上。

Then, in 2017, for the 080 Barcelona Fashion Week, the Spanish hairdresser teamed up with designer Txell Miras, on a collection inspired by shipping containers and fishermen. He had photographic portraits of bearded fishermen printed on long hair extensions, which was a first in the world of hairstyling. Then, earlier this year, he showcased the most recent version of his hair printing technique, which now allows him to have colorful, vivid designs digitally printed onto human hair. Although the process was not revealed, the hairstylist described it as "a combination of artisanal styles mixed with technology". 
2017年，这位西班牙发型师又和造型师特塞尔•米拉斯联手，为080巴塞罗那时装周设计了一系列灵感源于集装箱和渔夫的发型。这一次，他将大胡子渔夫的肖像照印在了长长的假发上，这在发型设计界是首创。今年早些时候，亚历克西斯•费雷尔展示了他印发技术的最新成果，现在他可以将清晰的彩色图案打印到人类头发上。尽管他没有透露流程，但是他将其描述为"手工艺风格和技术的结合"。

重点词汇
1、hairdresser
英 /ˈheədresə(r)/  美 /ˈherdresər/ 
n. 美发师；理发师

2、protagonist
英 /prəˈtæɡənɪst/  美 /prəˈtæɡənɪst/ 
n. 主角，主演；主要人物，领导者

3、team up with
与…合作，与…协作

4、artisanal
英 /'ɑːtɪzənəl/ 
手工艺性的

2020: one of 3 warmest years
2020成三个最热年份之一

Extreme weather combined with COVID-19 was a double blow for millions of people in 2020. However, the pandemic-related economic slowdown failed to put the brakes on climate change drivers and accelerating impacts, according to the State of the Global Climate 2020 by the World Meteorological Organization on Monday. Last year was one of the three warmest years on record, despite a cooling La Nina event. The global average temperature was about 1.2° Celsius above the pre-industrial (1850-1900) level. 
2020年极端天气加上新冠肺炎疫情给数百万人造成双重打击。然而，世界气象组织4月19日发布的《2020年全球气候状况》报告显示，新冠疫情造成的经济放缓未能抑制住气候变化驱动因素和气候加速恶化的影响。尽管出现了有降温作用的拉尼娜现象，但2020年仍是有记录以来三个最热的年份之一，全球平均温度比工业化前(1850年至1900年)的水平高出约1.2摄氏度。

The six years since 2015 have been the warmest on record; 2011-2020 was the warmest decade on record. UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres underscored that 2021 "must be the year for action", calling for a number of "concrete advances", before countries gather in Glasgow in November, for COP26 – the 26th session of the Conference of the Parties (COP26) to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
自2015年以来的6年是有记录以来最热的6年；2011至2020年是有记录以来最热的10年。联合国秘书长古特雷斯强调，2021年"必须是采取行动的一年"，他呼吁各国在11月格拉斯哥《联合国气候变化框架公约》缔约方大会第26届会议之前取得一些"实质进展"。

重点词汇
1、underscore
英 /ʌndə'skɔː/  美 /ˌʌndərˈskɔːr/ 
vt. 强调；划线于……下
n. 底线，（计算机）下划线

Less sleep linked to dementia risk
缺觉增加老年痴呆风险

People who regularly sleep for six hours or less each night in middle age are more likely to develop dementia than those who routinely manage seven hours, according to a major study into the disease. Researchers found a 30% greater risk of dementia in those who during their 50s, 60s and 70s consistently had a short night's sleep, regardless of other risk factors such as heart and metabolic conditions and poor mental health. 
一项针对痴呆症的大型研究表明，与每晚睡眠7小时的人相比，中年人每晚睡眠6小时或更少更易患痴呆症。研究人员发现，不考虑心脏、新陈代谢和心理健康状况不佳等其他风险因素，在50岁-70岁年龄段人群中，长期睡眠不足的人，患痴呆症的风险要高出30%。

Researchers do not know whether improving sleep can reduce the risk of dementia, but sleep is known to clear toxic waste from the brain. One hypothesis is that when people sleep less, this process becomes impaired. Nearly 10 million new cases of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease, are counted each year worldwide, according to the World Health Organization, and disrupted sleep is a common symptom.
研究人员尚不清楚改善睡眠是否能降低患痴呆症的风险，但他们知道睡眠能帮助大脑清除有毒废物。有种假说认为，当人们睡眠不足时，这一过程就会受到损害。世界卫生组织的数据显示，全球每年新增阿尔茨海默病等痴呆症病例近1000万例，而睡眠中断是常见的症状。

重点词汇
1、dementia
英 /dɪˈmenʃə/  美 /dɪˈmenʃə/ 
n. [内科] 痴呆

2、metabolic
英 /ˌmetəˈbɒlɪk/  美 /ˌmetəˈbɑːlɪk/
adj. 变化的；新陈代谢的

3、impair
英 /ɪmˈpeə(r)/  美 /ɪmˈper/ 
vt. 损害；削弱；减少

Iceberg A68 melts away
世界最大冰山融化分解

The iceberg that was for a time the biggest in the world is no more. A68, as it was known, covered an area of nearly 6,000 sq km when it broke away from Antarctica in 2017. That's like a small country. But satellites show the mega-berg has now virtually gone, broken into countless small fragments that the US National Ice Center says are no longer worth tracking. Most glaciologists regard A68 as the product of a very natural process, and it cannot be presented as a poster child for human-induced climate change. 
代号为A68的世界最大冰山已融化分解。A68冰山于2017年同南极洲大陆冰盖分离时，面积接近6000平方公里，与一个袖珍小国相当。但最新卫星照片显示，这座冰山如今已经不复存在，融化分解成大量小冰山。美国国家冰雪数据中心表示，这些小冰山已没有追踪价值。大多数冰川学家认为，A68冰山的消失是非常自然的过程，与人类活动引发的气候变化无关。

British Antarctic Survey also put a couple of robots in the ocean in February to study up close some of A68's latter-day segments. One went missing soon after, and the other actually got stuck under the ice for two weeks before managing to free itself and continue its observations. This robot will be recovered in May to pull down its data. It should reveal information about how icebergs affect their surroundings by, for example, dumping huge volumes of fresh water into the ocean as they melt.
今年2月，英国南极调查局也在海洋中放置了两个机器人，试图近距离对A68冰山的碎片进行跟踪研究。其中一个不久后失联，另一个在冰下被困了两周后才得以脱身继续观察。这个机器人将于5月被打捞上来。科学家将通过该设备收集到的数据，进一步研究冰山消融过程中向海洋释出大量淡水会对周边环境产生什么样的影响。

重点词汇
1、glaciologist
/ɡleɪsiˈɑːlədʒɪst/ 
n. 冰川学家

2、study up
钻研；专门阅读；用功准备

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