（一）在坚持党的全面领导上
1. Upholding the Party’s overall leadership
改革开放以后，党为加强和改善党的领导进行持续努力，为党和国家事业发展提供了根本政治保证。同时，党内也存在不少对坚持党的领导认识模糊、行动乏力问题，存在不少落实党的领导弱化、虚化、淡化、边缘化问题，特别是对党中央重大决策部署执行不力，有的搞上有政策、下有对策，甚至口是心非、擅自行事。以习近平同志为核心的党中央旗帜鲜明提出，党的领导是党和国家的根本所在、命脉所在，是全国各族人民的利益所系、命运所系，全党必须自觉在思想上政治上行动上同党中央保持高度一致，提高科学执政、民主执政、依法执政水平，提高把方向、谋大局、定政策、促改革的能力，确保充分发挥党总揽全局、协调各方的领导核心作用。
Since the launch of reform and opening up, the Party has made continued efforts to strengthen and improve its leadership, providing fundamental political guarantees for the cause of the Party and the country. However, there have remained many problems within the Party with respect to upholding its leadership such as a lack of clear awareness and vigorous action as well as weak, ineffective, diluted, and marginalized efforts in implementation. In particular, the Central Committee’s major decisions and plans were not properly executed as some officials selectively implemented the Party’s policies or even feigned agreement or compliance and did things their own way.
The Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has made it clear that the leadership of the Party is the foundation and lifeblood of the Party and the country, and the pillar upon which the interests and wellbeing of all Chinese people depend. All Party members must maintain a high degree of unity with the Central Committee ideologically, politically, and in action. We need to enhance our capacity to conduct sound, democratic, and law-based governance, and ability to chart our course, craft overall plans, design policy, and promote reform. We must ensure that the Party fully exerts its core role in providing overall leadership and coordinating the efforts of all sides.
党明确提出，党的领导是全面的、系统的、整体的，保证党的团结统一是党的生命；党中央集中统一领导是党的领导的最高原则，加强和维护党中央集中统一领导是全党共同的政治责任，坚持党的领导首先要旗帜鲜明讲政治，保证全党服从中央。党的十八届六中全会通过关于新形势下党内政治生活的若干准则，党中央出台中央政治局加强和维护党中央集中统一领导的若干规定，严明党的政治纪律和政治规矩，防止和反对个人主义、分散主义、自由主义、本位主义、好人主义等，发展积极健康的党内政治文化，推动营造风清气正的良好政治生态。党中央要求党的领导干部提高政治判断力、政治领悟力、政治执行力，胸怀“国之大者”，对党忠诚、听党指挥、为党尽责。党健全党的领导制度体系，完善党领导人大、政府、政协、监察机关、审判机关、检察机关、武装力量、人民团体、企事业单位、基层群众性自治组织、社会组织等制度，确保党在各种组织中发挥领导作用。党坚持民主集中制，建立健全党对重大工作的领导体制，强化党中央决策议事协调机构职能作用，完善推动党中央重大决策落实机制，严格执行向党中央请示报告制度，强化政治监督，深化政治巡视，查处违背党的路线方针政策、破坏党的集中统一领导问题，清除“两面人”，保证全党在政治立场、政治方向、政治原则、政治道路上同党中央保持高度一致。
The Party has clearly stated that it exercises overall, systemic, and integrated leadership, and that its lifeblood lies in maintaining its solidarity and unity. The centralized, unified leadership of the Central Committee is the highest principle of the Party’s leadership, and upholding and strengthening this is the common political responsibility of each and every Party member. In upholding Party leadership, all Party members must, first and foremost, take a clear stance in maintaining political integrity to ensure that the whole Party obeys the Central Committee.
The Code of Conduct for Intraparty Political Life under New Circumstances was approved at the sixth plenary session of the 18th Central Committee. The regulations of the Political Bureau on upholding and strengthening the centralized, unified leadership of the Central Committee were also issued. These documents were designed to strictly enforce the Party’s political rules and discipline, to counteract and prevent self-centered behavior, decentralism, liberalism, departmentalism, and the “nice-guy” mentality, to cultivate a positive and healthy intraparty political culture, and to foster a sound political ecosystem featuring honesty and integrity within the Party.
The Central Committee has required leading officials to improve their capacity for political judgment, thinking, and implementation; to remain mindful of the country’s most fundamental interests; and to be loyal to the Party, obey its command, and fulfill their duties to it.
The Party has strengthened its leadership systems. It has improved the institutions for Party leadership over the people’s congresses, the government, the CPPCC, the supervisory, judicial, and procuratorial organs of the state, the armed forces, people’s organizations, enterprises and public institutions, primary-level people’s organizations for self-governance, and social organizations, thereby ensuring that the Party plays its role of providing leadership in all these organizations.
The Party has practiced democratic centralism. It has put in place sound systems for ensuring its leadership over major work of the state. The functions and roles of the Central Committee’s decision-making, deliberative, and coordinating institutions have been strengthened, and the mechanisms for ensuring implementation of the Central Committee’s major policies have been improved. The Party has strictly implemented the system for requesting instructions from and submitting reports to the Central Committee; tightened political oversight and inspection; investigated and handled cases of deviation from the Party’s line, principles, and policies as well as instances in which the Party’s centralized, unified leadership has been undermined; and rid the Party of members who acted duplicitously. All these measures have helped ensure that the whole Party maintains a high degree of unity with the Central Committee in terms of political stance, political orientation, political principles, and political path.
党的十八大以来，党中央权威和集中统一领导得到有力保证，党的领导制度体系不断完善，党的领导方式更加科学，全党思想上更加统一、政治上更加团结、行动上更加一致，党的政治领导力、思想引领力、群众组织力、社会号召力显著增强。
Since the 18th National Congress, the Party Central Committee’s authority and its centralized, unified leadership have remained robust, the Party’s leadership systems have improved, and the way in which the Party exercises its leadership has become more refined. There is greater unity among all Party members in terms of thinking, political resolve, and action, and the Party has significantly boosted its capacity to provide political leadership, give guidance through theory, organize the people, and inspire society.
（二）在全面从严治党上
2. Exercising full and rigorous self-governance
改革开放以后，党坚持党要管党、从严治党，推进党的建设取得明显成效。同时，由于一度出现管党不力、治党不严问题，有些党员、干部政治信仰出现严重危机，一些地方和部门选人用人风气不正，形式主义、官僚主义、享乐主义和奢靡之风盛行，特权思想和特权现象较为普遍存在。特别是搞任人唯亲、排斥异己的有之，搞团团伙伙、拉帮结派的有之，搞匿名诬告、制造谣言的有之，搞收买人心、拉动选票的有之，搞封官许愿、弹冠相庆的有之，搞自行其是、阳奉阴违的有之，搞尾大不掉、妄议中央的也有之，政治问题和经济问题相互交织，贪腐程度触目惊心。这“七个有之”问题严重影响党的形象和威信，严重损害党群干群关系，引起广大党员、干部、群众强烈不满和义愤。习近平同志强调，打铁必须自身硬，办好中国的事情，关键在党，关键在党要管党、全面从严治党。必须以加强党的长期执政能力建设、先进性和纯洁性建设为主线，以党的政治建设为统领，以坚定理想信念宗旨为根基，以调动全党积极性、主动性、创造性为着力点，不断提高党的建设质量，把党建设成为始终走在时代前列、人民衷心拥护、勇于自我革命、经得起各种风浪考验、朝气蓬勃的马克思主义执政党。党以永远在路上的清醒和坚定，坚持严的主基调，突出抓住“关键少数”，落实主体责任和监督责任，强化监督执纪问责，把全面从严治党贯穿于党的建设各方面。党中央召开各领域党建工作会议作出有力部署，推动党的建设全面进步。
Since the launch of reform and opening up, the Party has upheld the principle of the Party exercising effective self-supervision and practicing strict self-governance, making notable progress in Party building.
However, there was a certain period in which we failed to supervise Party organizations effectively or govern them with the necessary stringency. This resulted in a serious lack of political conviction among some Party members and officials, misconduct in the selection and appointment of personnel in some localities and government departments, a blatant culture of pointless formalities, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance, and a prevalence of privilege-seeking attitudes and behavior. To be more specific, some officials engaged in cronyism and ostracized those outside of their circle; some formed self-serving cliques; some anonymously lodged false accusations and fabricated rumors; some sought to buy popular support and rig elections in their favor; some promised official posts and lavished praise on each other for their promotions; some did things their own way and feigned compliance with policies while acting counter to them; and some got too big for their boots and made presumptuous comments on the decisions of the Central Committee. Such misconduct interwoven with political and economic issues led to a startling level of corruption that damaged the Party’s image and prestige and severely undermined relations between the Party and the people and between officials and the people, arousing the discontent and indignation of many Party members, officials, and members of the public.
Comrade Xi Jinping emphasized that it takes a good blacksmith to make good steel and that China’s success hinges on the Party, especially on the Party’s efforts to exercise effective self-supervision and full and rigorous self-governance. With this understanding, we must make strengthening the Party’s long-term governance capacity and its advanced nature and integrity the main tasks, make enhancing the Party politically the guiding principle, make firm commitment to the Party’s ideals, convictions, and purpose the foundation, and make harnessing the whole Party’s enthusiasm, initiative, and creativity the focus of our efforts. We must keep improving the efficacy of Party building and build the Party into a vibrant Marxist governing party that stays at the forefront of the times, enjoys the wholehearted support of the people, has the courage to reform itself, and is able to withstand all tests.
With the attitude and resolve to make Party building an unceasing endeavor, the Party has practiced rigorous self-governance and put the spotlight on leading officials, the “key few.” It has worked to ensure that responsibilities for taking charge and exercising supervision over self-governance are properly fulfilled, bolstered the enforcement of oversight, discipline, and accountability, and integrated the requirement for full and strict self-governance into all aspects of Party building. The Central Committee has convened meetings on Party building in various sectors and made effective plans in this regard, thus promoting all-around progress in Party building.
党中央强调，我们党来自人民、植根人民、服务人民，一旦脱离群众就会失去生命力，全面从严治党必须从人民群众反映强烈的作风问题抓起。党中央从制定和落实中央八项规定破题，坚持从中央政治局做起、从领导干部抓起，以上率下改进工作作风。中央政治局每年召开民主生活会，听取贯彻执行八项规定情况汇报，开展批评和自我批评。党中央发扬钉钉子精神，持之以恒纠治“四风”，反对特权思想和特权现象，狠刹公款送礼、公款吃喝、公款旅游、奢侈浪费等不正之风，解决群众反映强烈、损害群众利益的突出问题，推进基层减负，倡导勤俭节约、反对铺张浪费，刹住了一些过去被认为不可能刹住的歪风，纠治了一些多年未除的顽瘴痼疾，党风政风和社会风气为之一新。
The Central Committee has consistently stressed that our Party comes from the people, has its roots among the people, and is dedicated to serving the people. Once the Party becomes disengaged from the people, it will lose its vitality. To exercise strict self-governance in all respects, we must first address issues concerning Party conduct that the people are strongly concerned about.
For this purpose, the Central Committee started with formulating and enforcing an eight-point decision on improving Party and government conduct and worked to improve the Party’s style of work through a top-down approach, with members of the Political Bureau and leading officials taking the lead. The Political Bureau holds meetings every year to hear reports on implementation of the eight-point decision and to engage in criticism and self-criticism on this subject.
With the persistence to keep hammering away, the Central Committee has made consistent efforts to tackle pointless formalities, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance. It has opposed privilege-seeking attitudes and behavior, shut down extravagant and wasteful spending and use of public funds for non-work-related gifts, dining, or travel, and worked to solve prominent problems that invite a strong public response or harm the public’s interests. The Central Committee has reduced burdens at the primary level, and encouraged frugality while opposing wasteful spending. Thanks to these efforts, certain unhealthy tendencies that were once considered impossible to control have been reined in, and certain problems that had long plagued us have been remedied, while Party, government, and social conduct have significantly improved.
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