考研英语长难句解析51

英文原句51 

The research of Till Von Wachter, the economist in Columbia University, suggests that not all people graduating into a recession see their life chances dimmed: those with degrees from elite universities catch up fairly quickly to where they otherwise would have been if they had graduated in better times.

语法分析 

The research of Till Von Wachter, the economist in Columbia University, suggests [that not all people (graduating into a recession) see their life chances dimmed: those 「with degrees from elite universities」catch up fairly quickly to 「where they otherwise would have been (if they had graduated in better times)」].

1、主句主干—The research of Till Von Wachter suggests that…

2、[that …in better times]that引导的宾语从句作谓语动词suggests的宾语,宾语从句主干: not all people see their life chances dimmed

3、(graduating into a recession)现在分词短语作后置定语修饰people

4、冒号后面的句子解释说明前面的句子（在英语阅读中，冒号前后是从抽象到具体的过程，后面进一步补充说明前面的内容）

5、冒号后面的句子主干—those catch up to where..

6、「with degrees from elite universities」介词结构作后置定语修饰those，其中those指代毕业生

7、「where … times」where引导的宾语从句作介词to的宾语

8、(if they had graduated in better times)if引导的虚拟条件复合句，引导的句子的内容与过去事实相反，从句中（if之后）用过去完成时，主句用would/should/could have done .. (过去将来完成时) 

参考译文 

哥伦比亚大学经济学家蒂尔瓦赫特的研究表示：并不是所有在经期衰退期间毕业的人都认为自己的人生机遇前景暗淡，对于那些拥有名牌大学学位的人来说，要是毕业在经济发展良好的时代，他们的人生确能到达较高的高度，但即使在经济衰退时期他们也一样能较快地赶上且到达这个高度。