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商务英语写作：攻克敌人 下篇
笔胜于剑，落笔无悔：点开商务英语写作的金手指。大家好，我是王参谋。今天我想分享高效商务英语写作的第五个窍门——攻克商务英语写作中的敌人：下篇。
十个敌人（7-10）
Enemy #7 Pronoun Faults
代词使用错误
英语代词的作用是指代名词，尤其是前面出现过的名词。使用代词可以令语域更加宽广丰富，避免重复。
No one knows his/her own future.
在本句中，当我们不知道主语的性别的时候，稳妥而正确的用法是his/her
Anyone can make it if she/he tries.
现在的商务英语强调避免歧视，所以男女都应该包括。
Each of us should write on his/her own.
Everyone should mind his/her own business.
The rich cannot buy their way to happiness.
（their, his, his/her）
Either Mr. Wang or Ms. Zhou can take her holiday next week.
（his, her, their）
Neither the director of the security nor the guards admit their mistake.
（his, their）
Tom, with his whole family, is going to visit his summer cottage.
（his, their）
⑨I’ve talked to the school publishing house and it is/they are interested in my book.
（it is, they are）
Enemy #8 Rules for Spelling Numbers
数字拼写规则
商务英语写作中要注意数字的写法，以下的规则中应特别注意第2、3条，其他几条仅供参考，基本都是非常正式的商业英语写作中建议的写法，可能会被认为过度正式。
Numbers less than a hundred should be spelled out.
Numbers at the beginning of a sentence must be spelled out.
Two numbers following each other must be spelled out one of them.
Ordinal numbers must be spelled out.
Hours without minutes must be spelled out.
Fractions must be spelled out unless in tables and graphics.
Exercise：
There are 以下两者均可 copies.
（89 / ）
One hundred and twenty-three employees attended the meeting.
（123/ One hundred and twenty-three）
一般阿拉伯数字尽量不要放在开头，避免和前面的信息粘连，引发误解。
I’d like thirty 20-bottle boxes.
（30 20-bottle, thirty 20-bottle）
两个数字相邻，其中一个表示量词，那么应该将其中一个数字拼写出来，避免误解。
Welcome to ’ 以下两者均可 anniversary celebration.
（20th, twentieth）
There are ten 5-digit numbers in this line.
（10, ten）
Enemy #9 Capitalization
大写
Proper names, titles, positions：
US President Bill Clinton, Prime Minister Tony Blair, Professor Wang, Dr. King, the Production Department, R&D...
Languages, races and ethnic groups：
Chinese, English, American English, British English, French, the Black, the Asians, the Africans, the Arabs...
Geographical names and terms：
New York, London, Beijing, The Great Wall, the Wall Street, the Broadway…
Sums of money in legal documents：
Two thousand three hundred and sixty US Dollars
Book titles and news headings：
War and Peace, A Handbook of Business Writing, Just Do It! （Nike） The Star War
Prepositions or pronouns of three or fewer letters are not capitalized unless they begin the title：
A Trip Report to Shanghai About the Joint Venture Negotiation
Alice in Wonderland
Enemy #10 Punctuation, tense, tone and style
标点符号、时态、语气和风格
标点符号：
Commas: to separate items in a series
to separate main clauses joined by conjunctions
to separate parenthetical expressions
to separate interjections
逗号：切分意群，表示停顿；用在并列的一系列事物；用在直接引语中；用以划分主句和从句；表示插入成分等等。
Semicolons: to separate clauses:
分号：用于分开从句。
Colons: to introduce a list, long quotation or speech
冒号：表示罗列一个清单，较长的引语或者讲话内容。
Quotation marks: to quote someone’s words from a book
引号：表示引用的话语。
Apostrophes: to show possession with nouns
所有格号：表示名词所属的对象，Joanna’s book, David’s car, etc.
时态：
Altogether, there are sixteen tenses in English language and we should understand the nuance in between.
此外，英语有十六个时态，以动词形态变化、助动词等的变化表示，而中文没有时态的变化，都是通过时间状语表达事情发生的时间。
We discussed at yesterday’s meeting that we would launch the new sales promotion soon.
At 3 p.m. next Monday afternoon, we will be holding business negotiations with our counterpart from Swiss.
We have been working on the plan for three years and it goes on pretty well.
举例来看：
Grammar is another problem for me. So I thought maybe I could study some writing format in business.
We discussed that we will create more Industrial architectures
I told you tomorrow she has come to visit.
Our R&D center had innovated the system.
语气和风格：
The proper tone and style in business writing.
商务英语写作中应该注意得体而有效的风格。
Be formal or semi-formal but business appropriate.
表达正式或者比较正式，符合商务氛围。
Be polite.
礼貌，谦和，有理有力有节。
Be calm.
风格稳健。
Try to avoid jargons.
尽量避免太多的术语或者行话，以及缩写。
Try to sound constructive and positive.
语气表达应该积极正向，以解决问题为主而不是指责或者推诿。
Try to build up efficiency and effectiveness.
多以效率和效果衡量写作的质量。
Use “we” instead of “I” .
在可能的场合下，多用“ we”或者“you”, 转成读者视角，而不是只用“I”——我觉得，我认为应该如何如何……
举例来看：
You don’t contact often.
指责别人，也会受到别人的反驳。
Pls resp. asap.
对上级，对外部读者不鼓励用此类的缩写，不够正式尊重。
I wrote you a request letter on 02/03/12
时间的写法不够清楚：是02年3月12日？是12年2月3日？还是12年3月2日？
凡是给读者造成阅读麻烦的都应该由作者进行调整。
弗朗西斯·培根曾说：
“Writing makes an exact man.”
写作使人精准。
我希望通过学习并攻克这十个商务英语写作中的敌人，使大家的写作干净而高效，专业而炼达，成为职场交流的高手。
笔胜于剑，落笔无悔，让我们成就指尖上的写作！祝你成功。
王参谋
你经常面对哪一个英语写作的“敌人”？，欢迎与我们分享。
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