（十一）在维护国家安全上
11. Safeguarding national security
改革开放以后，党高度重视正确处理改革发展稳定关系，把维护国家安全和社会安定作为党和国家的一项基础性工作来抓，为改革开放和社会主义现代化建设营造了良好安全环境。进入新时代，我国面临更为严峻的国家安全形势，外部压力前所未有，传统安全威胁和非传统安全威胁相互交织，“黑天鹅”、“灰犀牛”事件时有发生。同形势任务要求相比，我国维护国家安全能力不足，应对各种重大风险能力不强，维护国家安全的统筹协调机制不健全。党中央强调，国泰民安是人民群众最基本、最普遍的愿望。必须坚持底线思维、居安思危、未雨绸缪，坚持国家利益至上，以人民安全为宗旨，以政治安全为根本，以经济安全为基础，以军事、科技、文化、社会安全为保障，以促进国际安全为依托，统筹发展和安全，统筹开放和安全，统筹传统安全和非传统安全，统筹自身安全和共同安全，统筹维护国家安全和塑造国家安全。
Since the launch of reform and opening up, the Party has attached great importance to properly handling the relationship between reform, development, and stability. With this in mind, it has defined safeguarding national security and social stability as a fundamental task for the Party and the country in order to cultivate a sound security environment for reform, opening up, and socialist modernization.
In the new era, China is faced with more acute national security challenges, as evidenced by unprecedented external pressure, intertwined traditional and non-traditional security threats, and frequent “black swan” and “grey rhino” events. China’s ability to safeguard national security falls short of what is required of us by the current circumstances and tasks. We need to strengthen our capacity for responding to various major risks, and improve mechanisms for coordinating efforts to safeguard national security.
The Central Committee has stressed that the most fundamental and universal desire of our people is to live in a safe and peaceful nation. We must always be prepared for worst-case scenarios and mindful of potential dangers. We must uphold the primacy of our national interests and take the people’s security as our ultimate goal, political security as our fundamental task, economic security as our foundation, military, technological, cultural, and social security as means of guarantee, and international security as the support. We must find a balance between development and security, between opening up and security, between traditional and non-traditional security, between China’s domestic security and the common security of the world, and between safeguarding national security and creating conditions conducive to it.
习近平同志强调保证国家安全是头等大事，提出总体国家安全观，涵盖政治、军事、国土、经济、文化、社会、科技、网络、生态、资源、核、海外利益、太空、深海、极地、生物等诸多领域，要求全党增强斗争精神、提高斗争本领，落实防范化解各种风险的领导责任和工作责任。党中央深刻认识到，面对来自外部的各种围堵、打压、捣乱、颠覆活动，必须发扬不信邪、不怕鬼的精神，同企图颠覆中国共产党领导和我国社会主义制度、企图迟滞甚至阻断中华民族伟大复兴进程的一切势力斗争到底，一味退让只能换来得寸进尺的霸凌，委曲求全只能招致更为屈辱的境况。
Comrade Xi Jinping has stressed that our Party should make national security its top priority. He has put forward a holistic approach to national security, which covers political, military, homeland security, economic, cultural, social, technological, cyberspace, ecological, resource, nuclear, overseas interests, outer space, deep sea, polar, and biological security issues, among others. He has urged all Party members to enhance their fighting spirit and fighting capacity and to fulfill their responsibilities for guarding against and defusing various risks as they exercise leadership and carry out their work.
The Central Committee is acutely aware that, confronted with various types of external encirclement, suppression, disruption, and subversion, we must not be misguided or intimidated, and we must fight to the end with any forces that would attempt to subvert the leadership of the Communist Party of China and China’s socialist system, or to hinder or obstruct China’s advance toward national rejuvenation. Constant concessions will only invite more bullying and humiliation.
党着力推进国家安全体系和能力建设，设立中央国家安全委员会，完善集中统一、高效权威的国家安全领导体制，完善国家安全法治体系、战略体系和政策体系，建立国家安全工作协调机制和应急管理机制。党把安全发展贯穿国家发展各领域全过程，注重防范化解影响我国现代化进程的重大风险，坚定维护国家政权安全、制度安全、意识形态安全，加强国家安全宣传教育和全民国防教育，巩固国家安全人民防线，推进兴边富民、稳边固边，严密防范和严厉打击敌对势力渗透、破坏、颠覆、分裂活动，顶住和反击外部极端打压遏制，开展涉港、涉台、涉疆、涉藏、涉海等斗争，加快建设海洋强国，有效维护国家安全。
The Party has redoubled its efforts to strengthen the national security system and capacity building in this regard. It established a national security commission under the Central Committee, and it has improved the centralized, high-performing, and authoritative leadership system and the legal, strategy, and policy systems for national security. It has also put in place coordination and emergency management mechanisms for national security.
The Party has incorporated security imperatives into all areas throughout the process of national development, placed emphasis on guarding against and defusing major risks that may affect China’s modernization process, and resolutely safeguarded political, institutional, and ideological security. The Party has enhanced efforts to raise public awareness about the importance of national security and national defense and consolidated the public line of defense for national security. Solid steps have been taken to boost development, raise living standards, and ensure stability in border areas and to strictly prevent and crack down on infiltration, sabotage, subversion, and separatist activities by hostile forces. The Party has withstood and pushed back against extreme external pressure, stood up on issues such as those related to Hong Kong, Taiwan, Xinjiang, Tibet, and territorial waters, and moved faster to build a strong maritime country. Through all these efforts, we have effectively safeguarded national security.
党的十八大以来，国家安全得到全面加强，经受住了来自政治、经济、意识形态、自然界等方面的风险挑战考验，为党和国家兴旺发达、长治久安提供了有力保证。
Since the 18th National Congress, we have enhanced national security on all fronts and overcome many political, economic, ideological, and natural risks, challenges, and trials. This has helped ensure that the Party and the country thrive and enjoy lasting stability.
（十二）在坚持“一国两制”和推进祖国统一上
12. Upholding the One Country, Two Systems policy and promoting national reunification
香港、澳门回归祖国后，重新纳入国家治理体系，走上了同祖国内地优势互补、共同发展的宽广道路，“一国两制”实践取得举世公认的成功。同时，一个时期，受各种内外复杂因素影响，“反中乱港”活动猖獗，香港局势一度出现严峻局面。党中央强调，必须全面准确、坚定不移贯彻“一国两制”方针，坚持和完善“一国两制”制度体系，坚持依法治港治澳，维护宪法和基本法确定的特别行政区宪制秩序，落实中央对特别行政区全面管治权，坚定落实“爱国者治港”、“爱国者治澳”。
After their return to the motherland, Hong Kong and Macao were reincorporated into the national governance system and embarked on a broad path of complementarity and common development with other parts of the country. The practice of One Country, Two Systems has been a resounding success. However, due to a variety of complicated factors both at home and abroad, anti-China activities aimed at destabilizing Hong Kong ran rampant for a period of time, posing serious challenges to Hong Kong.
The Central Committee has underscored the need to fully, firmly, and accurately implement the One Country, Two Systems policy and to uphold and improve the systems of the policy. It has taken steps to ensure law-based governance, maintain constitutional order as outlined in the Constitution and the basic laws, and enforce the central government’s overall jurisdiction in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions. It has also ensured resolute implementation of the principle of patriots governing Hong Kong and Macao.
党中央审时度势，作出健全中央依照宪法和基本法对特别行政区行使全面管治权、完善特别行政区同宪法和基本法实施相关制度机制的重大决策，推动建立健全特别行政区维护国家安全的法律制度和执行机制、制定《中华人民共和国香港特别行政区维护国家安全法》、完善香港特别行政区选举制度，落实“爱国者治港”原则，支持特别行政区完善公职人员宣誓制度。中央人民政府依法设立驻香港特别行政区维护国家安全公署，香港特别行政区依法设立维护国家安全委员会。中央坚定支持香港特别行政区依法止暴制乱、恢复秩序，支持行政长官和特别行政区政府依法施政，坚决防范和遏制外部势力干预港澳事务，严厉打击分裂、颠覆、渗透、破坏活动。全面支持香港、澳门更好融入国家发展大局，高质量建设粤港澳大湾区，支持港澳发展经济、改善民生，增强港澳同胞国家意识和爱国精神。这一系列标本兼治的举措，推动香港局势实现由乱到治的重大转折，为推进依法治港治澳、促进“一国两制”实践行稳致远打下了坚实基础。
Based on its assessment of the situation, the Central Committee made the important decision to enhance the central government’s exercise of overall jurisdiction over the special administrative regions in accordance with the Constitution and the basic laws of the two regions, and to improve relevant systems and mechanisms for enforcing the Constitution and the basic laws. The Central Committee has pushed for the establishment and improvement of the special administrative regions’ legal systems and enforcement mechanisms for safeguarding national security, the enactment of the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Safeguarding National Security in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR), the refinement of the electoral system of the HKSAR, and the implementation of the principle of patriots governing Hong Kong. The Central Committee supported the special administrative regions in improving the oath-taking system for holders of public office. In accordance with the law, the Central People’s Government established the Office for Safeguarding National Security in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, and the HKSAR established the Committee for Safeguarding National Security.
The central authorities have firmly supported the law-based efforts of the HKSAR to end violence and chaos and restore order, supported the chief executives and governments of Hong Kong and Macao in exercising law-based governance, taken resolute steps to stop and prevent interference in the affairs of the two special administrative regions by external forces, and cracked down on acts of separatism, subversion, infiltration, and sabotage.
The central authorities have fully supported better integration of Hong Kong and Macao into the country’s overall development as well as high-quality development of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. They have supported Hong Kong and Macao in pursuing economic development and improving people’s lives, and worked to foster greater patriotism and a stronger sense of national identity among the people in Hong Kong and Macao.
These measures, which address both the symptoms and root causes of relevant issues, have helped to restore order in Hong Kong and ensure a turn for the better in the region. All this has laid a solid foundation for advancing law-based governance in Hong Kong and Macao and for securing steady and continued success of the One Country, Two Systems policy.
解决台湾问题、实现祖国完全统一，是党矢志不渝的历史任务，是全体中华儿女的共同愿望，是实现中华民族伟大复兴的必然要求。党把握两岸关系时代变化，丰富和发展国家统一理论和对台方针政策，推动两岸关系朝着正确方向发展。习近平同志就对台工作提出一系列重要理念、重大政策主张，形成新时代党解决台湾问题的总体方略。我们推动实现一九四九年以来两岸领导人首次会晤、两岸领导人直接对话沟通。党秉持“两岸一家亲”理念，推动两岸关系和平发展，出台一系列惠及广大台胞的政策，加强两岸经济文化交流合作。二〇一六年以来，台湾当局加紧进行“台独”分裂活动，致使两岸关系和平发展势头受到严重冲击。我们坚持一个中国原则和“九二共识”，坚决反对“台独”分裂行径，坚决反对外部势力干涉，牢牢把握两岸关系主导权和主动权。祖国完全统一的时和势始终在我们这一边。
Resolving the Taiwan question and realizing China’s complete reunification is a historic mission and an unshakable commitment of the Party. It is also a shared aspiration of all the sons and daughters of the Chinese nation, and it is essential to realizing national rejuvenation.
The Party has approached cross-Strait relations in light of the changed circumstances of the times, enriched the theory on national reunification and policies and principles concerning Taiwan, and worked to keep cross-Strait relations on the right track.
Comrade Xi Jinping has put forward a series of important ideas and major policy propositions on Taiwan-related work, thus helping to develop the Party’s overall policy for resolving the Taiwan question in the new era.
We facilitated the first meeting between the leaders of the two sides since 1949, as well as direct dialogue and communication between them. Guided by the conviction that we are all of the same family, the Party has promoted peaceful development of cross-Strait relations, unveiling a host of policies for the benefit of our compatriots in Taiwan and strengthening economic and cultural exchanges and cooperation across the Strait.
Since 2016, however, the Taiwan authorities have stepped up separatist activities aimed at “Taiwan independence,” which has seriously impacted the momentum of peaceful development of cross-Strait relations. Upholding the one-China principle and the 1992 Consensus, we firmly oppose separatist activities seeking “Taiwan independence” and firmly oppose foreign interference. We have maintained the initiative and the ability to steer in cross-Strait relations. For realizing China’s complete reunification, time and momentum are always on our side.
实践证明，有中国共产党的坚强领导，有伟大祖国的坚强支撑，有全国各族人民包括香港特别行政区同胞、澳门特别行政区同胞和台湾同胞的同心协力，香港、澳门长期繁荣稳定一定能够保持，祖国完全统一一定能够实现。
It has been proven through practice that with the firm leadership of the Communist Party of China, the strong support of our great motherland, and the concerted efforts of all Chinese people, including those in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions and Taiwan, it is certain that lasting prosperity and stability will be maintained in Hong Kong and Macao, and that China’s complete reunification will become a reality.
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