The concept ofplanetary boundaries was first introduced in 2009. It’s about making safelimits for human activities without harming Earth’s natural systems. This ideahas recently been updated and illustrated in charts. Twenty-nine experts did arecent check-up of Earth. Research shows that Earth has crossed six out of nineboundaries. This means human activities are pushing Earth beyond safe levels.These crossed boundaries include the issues of global warming, cutting downforests, and pollution. Some other ones are too much plastic, changes innitrogen, and freshwater6 problems.
All theseboundaries are connected. When one gets better or worse, others change in thesame way, too. However, according to the experts, there are ways to make thingsbetter. Cleaning up the pollution in soil and planting more trees can help alot.
「地球限度」的概念在 2009 年首次被提出，这个概念指的是在不损害地球的自然系统情况下设定人类活动的安全限度。这项概念在近期有了新的进展，并绘制成图表加以说明。29位专家最近对地球 进行了研究检查，研究显示，地球已经超过了 9 个限度中的 6 个，表 示人类活动正在将地球推向超出安全范围的状态，这些超目标限度囊括了全球暖化、砍伐森林和污染等问题，其他还有塑料滥用、空气中氮含量改变以及淡水问题。
这些限度环环相扣，当其中一个限度的状况改善或恶化时，其他限度也会以正相关方式变动。然而，根据专家们的说法，要改善现况是有办法的，透过清理土壤中的污染和种植更多的树木将会有所帮助。
1. concept (n.)概念
2. update (v.)更新；有最新信息
3. illustrate (v.)（以图表）说明，阐明
4. research (n.)研究
5. nitrogen (n.)氮气
6. freshwater (adj.)淡水的
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