第188期：合同法300-303条 承运人对旅客的救助义务

Article 300 Where the carrier unilaterally changes the means of transport, thus downgrading the service standards, the carrier shall, at passengers' requests, refund their tickets or reduce the ticket price; where the service standards are upgraded by the change, the fare charged shall not be raised.

Article 301 The carrier shall, in the course of transportation, spare no efforts to rescue and help passengers who suffer acute diseases, commence childbirth or are in danger.

Article 302 The carrier shall hold the liability for the damages arising from the injury or death of a passenger occurring in the course of transportation, unless the injury or death is a result of the passenger's own health condition, or the carrier can prove that the injury or death is caused by the passenger's deliberate intention and gross fault.

The provisions of the preceding paragraph apply also to any passenger exempted from ticket according to provisions, holding a complimentary ticket or permitted by the carrier to travel without tickets.

Article 303 Where passengers' carry-on articles are damaged or lost in the course of transportation and the carrier is at fault, the carrier shall hold the liability for damages.

In case of damage or loss of passengers' checked luggage, the relevant provisions on the freight transport shall apply.

核心词汇和搭配：

unilaterally 单方面地 

downgrading the service standards 降低服务标准

upgraded 提高

spare no efforts to rescue and help 尽力救助

suffer acute diseases 患有急病

commence childbirth 开始分娩

deliberate intention 故意

gross fault 重大过失

exempted from  免除

holding a complimentary ticket 持优待票

freight transport 货物运输  

条文对照讲解：

第三百条　承运人擅自变更运输工具而降低服务标准的，应当根据旅客的要求退票或者减收票款；提高服务标准的，不应当加收票款。

第三百零一条　承运人在运输过程中，应当尽力救助患有急病、分娩、遇险的旅客。

第三百零二条　承运人应当对运输过程中旅客的伤亡承担损害赔偿责任，但伤亡是旅客自身健康原因造成的或者承运人证明伤亡是旅客故意、重大过失造成的除外。
前款规定适用于按照规定免票、持优待票或者经承运人许可搭乘的无票旅客。

第三百零三条　在运输过程中旅客自带物品毁损、灭失，承运人有过错的，应当承担损害赔偿责任。
旅客托运的行李毁损、灭失的，适用货物运输的有关规定。

附注：中文条文选自《中华人民共和国合同法》（现行有效），英文条文选自全国人大法规库版本。

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