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Wangari Maathai, Kenyan environmentalist（环保主义者） and political activist, died on September 25th, aged 71.
In many ways it seems odd that Wangari Maathai's life should have been so closely associated with（紧密联系） struggle. Success appeared to come almost effortlessly（毫不费力地） to her, even though her origins（出身） were humble（卑微的）. She was born to a Kikuyu family of peasant farmers in Ihithe, a small village in the central highlands of Kenya, which was then a British colony. Though it was far from（远非） common in the 1940s for girls like her to receive an education, Wangari was sent to primary school—at her brother's suggestion—at the age of eight. From then on（从那时起） accomplishments seemed to drop into her lap. She got to secondary school（中学）, graduated top of her class and went on to earn a degree in biology（生物学） in Kansas, an MSc（硕士学位） in Pittsburgh（匹茨堡） and, after studying in Germany, a PhD on gonads in bovines（牛科动物，迟钝的） in Nairobi（内罗毕）.
旺加里·马塔伊（Wangari Maathai），肯尼亚环境保护主义者和政治活动家，于9月25日去世，享年71岁。从许多方面来说，旺加里·马塔伊的生活本应与斗争紧密联系在一起似乎很奇怪。尽管她的出身卑微，但成功似乎几乎不费吹灰之力。她出生于肯尼亚中部高地的一个小村庄伊希特（Ihithe）的一个农民农民基库尤（Kikuyu）家庭，当时伊希特是英国的殖民地。尽管在1940年代，像她这样的女孩接受教育并不普遍，但在其兄弟的建议下，旺加里八岁时就被送进了小学。从那时起，成就似乎落在了她的腿上。她上了中学，毕业了最好的班，并在堪萨斯州获得了生物学学位，在匹兹堡获得了硕士学位，在德国学习后，在内罗毕获得了牛性腺的博士学位。
That made her the first woman in east Africa to hold a doctorate（博士头衔）. Jobs followed, in academic and civic positions（市政职务） which no black woman had filled before, and on their heels（紧跟着） came award after award, none grander than the 2004 Nobel peace prize. In truth, these successes were not effortlessly（轻而易举地） achieved. Dr Maathai laboured（干苦力活） hard all her life, never taking shortcuts（走捷径）, never adopting airs（吹牛）, never asking others to do tasks she would not do herself. And with this conscientiousness and lack of self-importance came another quality, a keen ability to empathise with others and fight their corner when she believed they were being wronged. Most of the struggles with which her life was associated were not her struggles; they were other people's. And, boy, were there lots of them. Colonial Kenya was hardly idyllic for Africans. Towns were de facto segregated and blacks had few political rights, especially during the Mau Mau rebellion in the early 1950s, when both sides committed hideous atrocities. Moreover, although Dr Maathai's father worked for a benign white landowner, he was obliged to sell to his employer almost all the crops he grew on his allotted patch at whatever price was offered.
这使她成为东非首位获得博士学位的女性。乔布斯紧随其后，担任学术和公民职务，这是黑人妇女以前从未曾担任过的职务，其后又屡获殊荣，这些奖项都不比2004年诺贝尔和平奖更大。实际上，这些成功并非轻松实现的。 Maathai博士一生辛苦工作，从不走捷径，从不吹牛，从不要求别人去做她自己不会做的任务。凭着这种尽责和自卑的心态，她又有了另一种品质，一种敏锐的能力，能够同情他人，并在她认为自己受了委屈时与他人抗争。与她生活息息相关的大多数挣扎都不是她的挣扎。他们是别人的。而且，男孩，那里有很多。肯尼亚殖民地对非洲人来说几乎不是田园诗。城镇事实上是隔离的，黑人几乎没有政治权利，尤其是在1950年代初毛茂叛乱期间，双方都犯下了可怕的暴行。而且，尽管马塔伊博士的父亲为一个良性的白人土地所有者工作，但他有义务以所能提供的任何价格向他的雇主出售他在配给的土地上种植的几乎所有农作物.
When Dr Maathai came home after half a decade in America, she found huge changes. They were not all
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