第五期 Hi, guys. How are you today? I am Daisy. Welcome to our English Channel.
本期半夏英语听说译将给大家介绍新传知识里重要的理论之一，使用与满足理论。
First, let’s learn how to express 使用与满足理论in English
使用与满足理论：Users and gratifications theory
Human needs and gratification can be divided into five broad categories.
Affective needs 情感需求
Tension free needs缓解紧张需求
Personal integrative needs 个人综合需求
Social integrative needs社会综合需求
Cognitive needs 认知需求
This theory was introduced by Blumler and Katz in 1974 in the article “the Uses of Mass Communications: Current Perspectives on Gratifications Research” and focuses its attention on media users’ roles.
The driving question of UGT is: Why do people use media and what do they use them for?It explains how people use media to fulfill their needs. Gratification of needs is the most important role of media for humans. People get knowledge, interaction, relaxation, escape and entertainment through media which they use for interpersonal communication as well.
The audience is said to have full control over the effect of media on them as the effect can be chosen by the audience themselves. The theory is closely related to human psychology of needs, motives and influence.
译文：使用与满足的主要问题是:人们为什么使用媒体，他们使用媒体的目的是什么?该理论由布鲁默和卡茨在1974年的一篇文章《大众传播的使用: 满足研究的现状》中提出，主要关注媒介中的用户角色。它解释了人们如何利用媒介来满足他们的需求。满足需求是媒介对人类最重要的作用。人们通过媒介获得知识，进行互动，放松，娱乐和逃离现实，同时也用来进行人际交流。受众可以完全控制媒体对他们的影响，因为效果可以由受众自己选择。该理论与人类的需求心理、动机心理和影响心理密切相关。
接下来，让我们了解一些描述使用与满足理论特点的英文表达。请同学们在评论区翻译打卡，译文参见本期节目文本区
Features of Uses and Gratification Theory
The source of media is chosen by audience as per their own needs.
This theory gives alternative choices on media for the audience.
Uses and functions of media are different from a person to another and from one situation to other.
Uses are also decided for groups, communities and societies.
Both individual and group needs are fulfilled by media.
People are not taken as helpless victims of media.
Mobile phones, internet, social networking sites, etc. are new form of communication tool used for uses and gratification.
参考译文：
媒体来源由受众根据自己的需要选择。
这一理论为受众提供了不同的媒介选择。
媒介的用途和功能因人而异，因地制宜。
媒介使用也由团体、社区和社会决定。个人和群体的需求都由媒体来满足。
人们不是媒体的无助受害者。
手机、互联网、社交网站等都是用于使用和满足的新型沟通工具。
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