accumulate [əˈkjuːmjəleɪt]
【释】v. 积聚，堆积（to get more and more of something over a period of time）
【例】Dust soon accumulates if the room is not swept. 如果没有人打扫屋子，灰尘很快会堆积。
adhere [ədˈhɪə(r)]
【释】v. 粘附，附着（to stick to something）
【用】adhere to 粘附于；坚持
【例】The two pieces of paper are adhering and we couldn't get them apart. 两张纸粘在一起了，我们无法把它们分开。
aggregate [ˈæɡrɪɡət]
【释】v. 聚集，集合（to put things together in a group）
【用】aggregate...to 吸收…加入（多为政党）
alloy [əˈlɔɪ]
【释】v. 将…铸成合金；融合（to mix so as to form a homogeneous mixture or solid solution of two or more metals; to combine or mix）
amend [əˈmend]
【释】v. 改进（to make changes to a document, law, agreement etc. to improve it）
【例】The Marriage Law was amended recently. 最近修改了《婚姻法》。
【析】amend, mend和renovate意思相近，都有“修理”的意思。amend指通过“修改，修正”，进而“修正工作，完善方法”等，常用于说明较重大的事物，如法律等；mend主要指“修补，修理”，是指“对损坏、磨损物品进行修复或修补”，如：My grandfather used to mend our shoes.（我祖父过去常帮我们修鞋。） renovate意为“修复，翻新，整修”，尤指“通过清洗、修理等方法使某物变新”。
amplify [ˈæmplɪfaɪ]
【释】v. 详述
【例】The attorney decided to amplify the story by talking to a reporter. 律师决定通过和记者谈话详述这个故事。
assemble [əˈsembl]
【释】v. 集合，聚集（to bring a group of things or people together in one place for a particular purpose）
【用】assemble evidence 收集证据
【例】How long would it take to assemble a team for a project like this? 要多长时间才能集合一个像这样的项目团队？
【析】assemble, accumulate和pile都有“积累，聚集”的意思。assemble常指“人或组织为了共同的目标聚到一起”，并不一定事先约好，如：A large crowd had assembled outside the American embassy.（一大群人聚集在美国大使馆外。） accumulate几乎可用于“任何事物量的增加”，强调“连续不断地、一点一滴地积累”；pile则强调“比较整齐地把东西堆积在一起”。
avoid [əˈvɔɪd]
【释】v. 避免，避开（to try not to go near someone or something or to prevent something from happening）
【用】avoid doing 避免做
【例】They could not avoid being drawn into the argument. 他们无法避免被卷入争论中。
balance [ˈbæləns]
【释】v. 抵消（to reduce the effect, strength, or amount of something, and as a result make it better）
【例】The dark colours are balanced by the brightness of the walls. 暗色系被墙壁的亮度中和了。
bang [bæŋ]
【释】v. 猛撞；砰地敲（或推、扔）（to hit something hard, making a loud noise）
【例】There is something banging outside. 有什么在外面敲打。
batter [ˈbætə(r)]
【释】v. 连续猛击（to hit something very hard several times）
【用】batter on/at 连续猛击
【例】Bob will batter you unrecognisable if you abuse his sister. 如果你欺负鲍勃的妹妹，他会把你打得面目全非的。
better [ˈbetə(r)]
【释】v. 提高（to improve something）
【例】This is definitely an important step towards bettering the relations between the two corporations. 这显然是增强两家公司关系的又一重大举措。
bleed [bliːd]
【释】v. 渗出，流出（to exude a fluid such as sap）
【用】bleed...white 榨干…所有的钱
【例】I scraped my knee and it's bleeding. 我擦破了膝盖，膝盖流血了。
blend [blend]
【释】v. 混合，合并（to combine or associate so that the separate constituents or the line of demarcation cannot be distinguished）
【用】blend...with 将…与…混合；blend...into 把…混入
【例】Water and oil do not blend. 水和油不相溶。
block [blɒk]
【释】v. 阻碍，堵塞（to use power to stop something from being done or from succeeding）
【例】The plan to build a new shopping mall was blocked by local residents. 建造新购物中心的计划受到当地居民的阻挠。
blockade [blɒˈkeɪd]
【释】v. 封锁（to prevent people or goods from moving from one place to another）
【例】The police blockaded the commercial building which had an explosion. 警方封锁了发生爆炸的商业大楼。
blow out
【释】吹熄
【例】Mom blew out the candle and walked out. 妈妈吹灭蜡烛，走了出去。
bolt [bəʊlt]
【释】v. 迅速逃跑；囫囵吞吃（to eat hastily or without chewing）
【用】bolt down 狼吞虎咽
【例】The thief bolted out of his house. 小偷迅速逃离了他的房子。
bore [bɔː(r)]
【释】v. 钻（孔），挖（洞）（to make a deep hole in something hard）
【例】Get the special drill bit to bore a hole in the block of wood. 用那个特殊的钻头在这个木块上钻一个孔。
breach [briːtʃ]
【释】v. 打破，裂开（to make a gap in）
【用】breach security 突破安全警戒
【例】Fire breached the cargo tanks and set the oil ablaze. 油舱失火把油点燃了。
break [breɪk]
【释】v. 打破，折断（to separate into pieces）
【用】break away (from) （从…）离开；（与…）断绝关系
bump [bʌmp]
【释】v. 碰撞（to hit against something solid once or many times）
【用】bump against/into 碰撞或敲击到
【例】The car bumped into a tree. 小轿车撞到了树上。
【析】bump, collide, crash和strike都可以表示“撞击”。bump指“物体砰然撞击、猛撞”，强调撞击的过程，常和into, against连用；collide指“运动的人或物强烈地碰撞”，常和介词with搭配；crash指“运动中剧烈地撞击人或物，并造成严重的损害或发出很大的噪音”，常和into, through, against等连用，常指“车祸、事故中的撞击”；strike作“碰撞，撞击”讲时，常用作及物动词，表示“用…加以打击，撞击”。
cancel out
【释】抵消，偿还
【例】That won't cancel out his crime. 这不能抵消他的罪过。
carry out
【释】实施，执行
【例】We all have certain jobs to carry out, so be alert. 我们都有工作要执行，所以我们要机警点。
cast off
【释】抛弃，丢弃（to get rid of someone or something）
【例】It took many years for this city to cast off its reputation as the home of violent gangsters. 这个城市花了很多年时间摆脱“黑帮老窝”的称呼。
cling
【释】v. 紧紧抓住（to hold onto something or someone tightly with one's hands or arms）
【用】cling on to 紧抓住；不放弃
【例】Eva clung to her husband as he said goodbye. 在丈夫说再见时，伊娃紧紧地抓住了他。
close off
【释】关闭，封锁
【例】Terrorists closed off the government building. 恐怖分子封锁了政府大楼。
cohere [kəʊˈhɪə(r)]
【释】v. 连贯，粘合，凝聚（to hold together firmly as parts of the same mass; to become united in principles, relationships, or interests）
【用】cohere with 与…相符
【例】The movie as a whole failed to cohere. 总体而言，这部电影不连贯。
coil [kɔɪl]
【释】v. 卷，盘绕（to wind something long and thin into a shape like a series of rings）
【用】coil...round 将…卷成螺旋形
【例】Alfred turned off the water and began to coil the hose. 艾尔弗雷德把水关掉，开始卷水管。
collect [kəˈlekt]
【释】v. 收集；聚集（to get things and keep them together for a particular reason）
【例】Barry collects stamps as a hobby. 巴里将收集邮票作为一个爱好。
compensate [ˈkɒmpenseɪt]
【释】v. 补偿，赔偿（to change or remove the bad result of something）
【用】compensate for 补偿，赔偿
【例】This payment compensates more than what we’ve lost. 这个赔偿比我们损失的要多。
comply [kəmˈplaɪ]
【释】v. 服从，依从（to obey a rule or law, or to do what someone asks you to do）
【用】comply with 按…的要求，服从
【例】If you don't comply, you could face a penalty of $100. 如果你不服从，你可能面临100美元的罚款。
compound [kəmˈpaʊnd]
【释】v. 使化合，使合成（to mix two or more substances together in order to make a new substance or product）
【用】compound...from 用…混合造出
【例】The doctor compounded medicine for the patient. 医生为病人配了药。
confer [kənˈfɜː(r)]
【释】v. 赠予，授予（to give something such as authority, a legal right, or an honour to someone）
【用】confer...on 将…授予
【例】The university conferred an honorary degree on the professor. 这所大学授予这位教授荣誉学位。
【析】confer和grant都有“授予，赠予”的意思。confer主要指“作为奖赏或因赞同而授予”，多用于“授予学位或头衔”，常用于正式场合；grant意为“授予，赠予”，多指“正式、依法给予某物，或应别人的要求而授予（帮助、权利、许可等）”，也可用于“上级给下级、长辈给晚辈”等情况。
consume [kənˈsjuːm]
【释】v. 吃，喝（to eat or drink something）
【例】The hungry boy consumed everything on his plate. 饥饿的男孩把盘子里的食物都吃了。
contribute [kənˈtrɪbjuːt, ˈkɒntrɪbjuːt]
【释】v. 捐赠；做出贡献（to give money, goods, or effort to achieve something, especially when other people are also helping）
【用】contribute to 捐赠给；为…做贡献
【例】They say they would like to contribute more to charity, but money is tight this year. 他们说愿意向慈善机构捐更多的钱，但是今年资金紧张。
crack [kræk]
【释】v.（使）破裂（to break or snap apart）
【例】The windowpane was cracked but not broken. 窗玻璃裂了，但是没碎。
dart [dɑːt]
【释】v. 猛冲（to thrust or move with sudden speed）
【用】dart away 迅速跑掉
【例】The dog darted across the street. 那只狗猛冲过马路。
deal [diːl]
【释】v. 做生意；处理，对付（to take action to do something, especially to solve a problem）
【用】deal in 经营；deal out 分配，分发；deal with 应对，处理
【例】The government has taken effective measures to deal with drug smuggling. 政府采取了有效措施应付毒品走私。
deliver [dɪˈlɪvə(r)]
【释】v. 传送，递送（to take something, especially goods or letters, to a place）
【用】deliver...to 将…传送到，把…给
【例】The package was delivered this afternoon. 包裹是今天下午送来的。
desert [dɪˈzɜːt]
【释】v. 抛弃，舍弃（to withdraw from or leave a place; to leave someone in a difficult situation）
discard [dɪsˈkɑːd]
【释】v. 扔掉，丢弃（to get rid of something that you no longer want or need）
【例】My father repaired the toy that I had discarded. 父亲修好了我丢弃的玩具。
discourage [dɪsˈkʌrɪdʒ]
【释】v. 阻止，阻拦（to try to prevent something from happening）
【用】discourage...from doing 阻止…做
【例】The government is taking measures to discourage the use of cars in cities. 政府在采取措施减少城市里汽车的使用。
dispatch [dɪˈspætʃ]
【释】v. 派遣，分派（to send someone or something somewhere）
【用】dispatch...to 把…派遣到
【例】The new machines are dispatched from a warehouse. 新机器从仓库运送出来。
dodge [dɒdʒ]
【释】v. 闪开，躲避（to avoid someone or something by moving quickly, especially so that something does not hit you）
【用】dodge doing 避免做
【例】Shoppers had to dodge the flying glass when the bomb exploded. 炸弹爆炸时，顾客们不得不躲避飞溅的玻璃碎片。
donate [dəʊˈneɪt]
【释】v. 捐赠，赠送（to give something such as money or goods to an organisation, especially to a school, political party, or charity）
【用】donate to 捐赠给
【例】The government donated 100 million dollars to the flood-struck area. 政府向遭受水灾的地区捐赠了1亿美元。
dump [dʌmp]
【释】v. 丢弃，扔掉（to get rid of someone or something unceremoniously or irresponsibly）
【例】Over 250,000 tons of waste are dumped annually along the coastline. 每年有超过25万吨垃圾被倾倒入大海。
engage [ɪnˈɡeɪdʒ]
【释】v. 订婚
enlarge [ɪnˈlɑːdʒ]
【释】v. 扩大，放大（to make something bigger）
【例】We’re enlarging the production scale to produce more and better products. 我们正在扩大生产规模，以生产更多更好的产品。
【析】amplify和enlarge都有“放大”的意思。amplify主要指“声音、电流、信号等的放大或增强”；而enlarge主要指“体积、容积的全面增大”或“兴趣、活动范围等抽象事物的增加”。
execute [ˈeksɪkjuːt]
【释】v. 执行，履行（to carry out fully）
【例】The landing was skillfully executed. 着陆完成得技巧娴熟。
expand [ɪkˈspænd]
【释】v. 扩大，扩张（to become larger in size and filling more space）
【用】expand...into 使…扩大为
【例】The water froze inside the pipe, causing it to expand and burst. 管子里的水冻住了，造成其膨胀并破裂。
【析】expand, extend, prolong和stretch意思相近，常被放在一起考查：expand意为“扩张，膨胀”，多指“面积、体积等增大或数量增加”，也可指“企业、生意等的发展扩大”；extend意为“延伸，扩充”，主要指“空间、土地或时间等的扩展或延续”，也可以指“身体某部位的伸展”，此时为及物动词；prolong意为“延长，拉长”，指“空间的延展及时间的延长”，如：prolong the conversation（延长谈话时间）；stretch意为“伸展”，既可指“将事物的长度延长、宽度加宽”，也可指“使规定或时间超出规定的范围或限度”，此外，stretch还有“伸展胳膊或身体”的意思，此时既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词。
extinguish [ɪkˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ]
【释】v. 熄灭，扑灭（ to make a fire or cigarette stop burning）
【例】Finally, firefighters extinguished the blaze. 消防人员终于把火扑灭了。
eye [aɪ]
【释】v. 看，注视（to look at someone or something carefully）
【例】The man eyed every change in the stock market. 那个人留意着股票市场的每一个变化。
fall apart
【释】破裂；破碎
【例】The work was never finished and the building fell apart bit by bit. 工程没有完成，最后大楼一点点坍塌了。
flee [fliː]
【释】v. 逃离，逃跑（to escape from a dangerous situation or place very quickly）
【用】flee from 逃离
【例】Earthquake victims have been forced to flee their homes. 地震受害者被迫离开了家园。
flow [fləʊ]
【释】v. 流动，涌流（to move or run smoothly with unbroken continuity）
forward [ˈfɔːwəd]
【释】v. 转递，转送（to send a letter, package, e-mail etc. to another address）
【用】forward...to 将…传送给
【例】The customer's enquiry has been forwarded to the head office. 顾客的问题已被传达到总公司。
fracture [ˈfræktʃə(r)]
【释】v.（使）断裂，（使）折断（to cause a fracture in; to damage or destroy as if by rupturing）
【例】You’ve fractured a rib, maybe more than one. 你有一根肋骨断了，或许不止一根。
fuse [fjuːz]
【释】v. 熔合，合并（to blend thoroughly by or as if by melting together）
gather [ˈɡæðə(r)]
【释】v. 聚集，收集（to bring together）
【用】gather round 聚在…周围
【例】Football fans gathered around the TV in the corner of the bar. 足球迷们聚在酒吧角落里的电视机前。
gaze [ɡeɪz]
【释】v. 凝视，注视（to fix the eyes in a steady intent look, often with eagerness or studious attention）
【用】gaze on/upon 注视
【例】Father used to gaze at the famous painting. 父亲过去常常凝视这幅名画。
glare [ɡleə(r)]
【释】v.（at）怒目而视（to look at someone or something in a very angry way）
【用】glare at 对…怒目而视
【例】The teacher glared at the noisy student. 老师对吵闹的学生怒目而视。
go out
【释】熄灭
【例】The fire has gone out after burning for several hours. 火在燃烧了几个小时后熄灭了。
grant [ɡrɑːnt]
【释】v. 授予（to give something formally or legally）
【用】grant...to 将…授予
【例】Permission was granted a few weeks ago. 许可是几天前授予的。
hamper [ˈhæmpə(r)]
【释】v. 妨碍，阻挠（to prevent something from happening or progressing normally）
【例】Lack of funds hampered our work. 缺乏资金妨碍了我们的工作。
heap [hiːp]
【释】v.（up）（使）成堆，堆起（to make a big messy pile of things）
【用】heap...up 堆积
【例】They were heaping up wood for a bonfire. 他们把木头堆起来准备点篝火。
hinder [ˈhɪndə(r)]
【释】v. 阻碍，妨碍（to stop someone or something from developing）
【例】The heavy rain is hindering the search for survivors. 大雨阻碍了搜救幸存者的工作。
【析】hinder, prevent, restrain和refrain都有“阻碍”的意思。hinder主要指“通过主动或偶然的行为来延缓事物的发展”，常用在短语hinder sb./sth. from sth./doing sth.中；prevent作“阻碍，妨碍”讲时，侧重点在“阻止事件的发生或阻碍某人做某事”，常用搭配是prevent sb./sth. from doing sth.；restrain则是指“用强迫手段或劝说来约束或完全制止”，常用搭配是restrain sb./sth. from doing sth.和restrain oneself；refrain意为“克制，抑制”，强调“克制做某事的冲动”。
improve [ɪmˈpruːv]
【释】v. 改进，改善，增进（to make something better）
【例】The course will improve the students’ grasp of chemistry. 这节课会增进学生们对化学的理解。
increase [ɪnˈkriːs]
【释】v. 增加，增长（to become larger in amount or number）
【用】increase...from...to 使…从…增加到
【例】The company's costs increased dramatically over the last decade. 过去十年里公司的花费增长惊人。
【析】add和increase均有“增加”之意。add主要指“通过添加使在数量、大小等方面增加”，常与介词to连用，如：Sales tax adds to the price.（营业税使价格提高。） increase指“通过增加数量或自然而然地增大”，含有“递进地或按比例地增加”之意，如：Visits to the site have increased threefold since May.（从五月份开始，该景点接待的游客增加了三倍。）
insulate [ˈɪnsjuleɪt]
【释】v. 隔离；使绝缘（to cover something to prevent heat, cold, noise, or electricity from passing through it）
【用】insulate...from/against...with 用…将…与…隔开；insulate...from/against 使…与（不良影响）隔绝
【例】Is there any way that we can insulate our home from the noise? 有没有什么方法能把噪音隔绝在屋外呢？
integrate [ˈɪntɪɡreɪt]
【释】v. 使成整体，（使）成为一体（to form, coordinate, or blend into a functioning or unified whole）
【用】integrate into/with（使）成为一体，（使）合并
【例】Little attempt was made to integrate the parts into a coherent whole. 没人试图把不同部分整合成一个统一的整体。
involve [ɪnˈvɒlv]
【释】v. 包括；使参与，牵涉（if an activity or situation involves something, that thing is part of it or a result of it）
【例】Don't involve me in your quarrel. 你们吵架别牵扯到我。
【析】include, contain, comprise和involve都有“包含，包括”的意思，但侧重点不同：include指“是…的组成部分或从属部分”；contain指“事物内部所有的成分或部分”，它的常用搭配是be contained within/in；comprise强调“含有，整体包括”的含义，它的常用搭配是be comprised of；involve侧重指“事物本质上包含的东西或事物的必然结果”，另外它还有“牵涉，牵连”的意思。
jet [dʒet]
【释】v. 快速移动（to move or progress by or as if by jet propulsion）
【例】Airliners would be jetting through the sky at 500 miles an hour. 飞机在空中以每小时500英里的速度快速飞行。
keep away from
【释】避开（to avoid someone or something）
【例】You’d better keep the kids away from the computer. 你最好让孩子们远离电脑。
knit [nɪt]
【释】v. 编织（to form by interlacing yarn or thread in a series of connected loops with needles）
【用】knit one's brow(s) 皱眉
【例】Mary reads and knits to pass the time. 玛丽通过读书和编织来消磨时间。
knock [nɒk]
【释】v. 敲；碰撞（to hit something, causing damage or harm）
【用】knock the bottom out of 使…垮台
【例】I knocked my head on the wall in the dark. 黑暗中，我的头磕到了墙壁上。
【析】collide, knock, hit和strike都有“碰撞”的意思。collide指“运动的人或物强烈地碰撞”，常和介词with搭配，如：I ran around the corner, and almost collided with Mrs. Laurence.（我跑着绕过拐角，差点撞在劳伦斯女士身上。）knock作“碰撞”讲时，常与介词into搭配，如：Two men in separate cars race along narrow, unpaved roads, and they knock into each other several times.（两个男人分别开着两辆车在狭窄不平的路上相互追逐，撞到了对方好几次。） hit意为“撞击”，常用作及物动词，如：He was taken to hospital after being hit by a car.（他被车撞倒后被送进了医院。）strike作“碰撞，撞击”讲时，常用作及物动词，表示“用…加以打击，撞击”，如：A house nearby has been struck by a falling tree.（附近的一座房子被倒下的树砸坏了。）
limp [lɪmp]
【释】v. 蹒跚（to walk with difficulty because of an injured leg or foot）
【用】limp along 蹒跚
【例】The player limped off the football field. 运动员蹒跚着离开了足球场。
loop [luːp]
【释】v.（使）成环，（使）成圈（to form a circle or make something into a circle）
【用】loop the loop 翻圈飞行，翻跟头飞行
【例】He looped the rope round the wood. 他把绳子绕在木头上。
march [mɑːtʃ]
【释】v. 行军；前进（to move along steadily usually with a rhythmic stride and in step with others）
【例】Children were marching in the parade to the beat of the drums. 孩子们随着鼓点在游行队伍中前进。
marry [ˈmæri]
【释】v. 结婚
merge [mɜːdʒ]
【释】v. 合并，并入（to cause two things to come together）
【用】merge into （使）合并，（使）结合
【例】Jeff showed me how to merge graphic with text on the same screen. 杰夫教我如何在同一个屏幕上把图形和文字结合起来。
mess [mes]
【释】n. 凌乱（或肮脏）的一堆（a situation in which a place is dirty or not neat）
【用】in a mess 乱糟糟，一团糟
【例】What a mess! 真是一团糟！
mingle [ˈmɪŋɡl]
【释】v.（使）混合（to combine or make one thing combine with another）
【用】mingle with 混进…中
【例】Now the cheers and applause mingled in a single sustained roar. 现在欢呼声和掌声混合成了持续的喧闹。
【析】mingle, mix和huddle均含有“混合”的意思。mingle主要指“不同的东西混在一起”，暗指“各成分仍能区分”，如：to mingle water and alcohol（把水和酒精混合在一起）；mix指“混合到一起的物质无法区分各自成分”，如：mix the two colours（将这两种颜料混合在一起）；huddle主要指“人或物聚集在一起”，尤其指“在狭小的空间内”，如：Children lay huddled together for warmth.（孩子们挤在一起互相取暖。）
mix [mɪks]
【释】v. 掺入；使混合（to combine two or more substances so that they become a single substance）
【用】be mixed up in 介入；与…有牵连；mix...with 将…和…混合
【例】You can mix blue paint with yellow to produce the green colour. 你可以将蓝色和黄色的颜料混合起来，调出绿色的颜料。
mixture [ˈmɪkstʃə(r)]
【释】n. 混合；混合物（a combination of two or more different things, people, or qualities）
【例】James speaks a mixture of English and occasionally Italian. 詹姆斯偶尔混合着意大利语说英语。
obey [əˈbeɪ]
【释】v. 服从，听从（to do what a law or person says you must do, or to carry out a command）
【例】Tom told the dog to sit and it immediately obeyed. 汤姆命令小狗坐下，它立刻服从了。
offset [ˈɒfset]
【释】v. 补偿；抵消（to balance the effect of something）
【用】offset...by sth./doing sth. 用某事/做某事来补偿或抵消
【例】Donations to charities can offset taxes. 向慈善组织捐款可以抵消税金。
peel [piːl]
【释】v. 削，剥（to take something off the surface of something）
【用】peel off 剥掉，脱去
【例】Would you peel me an orange? 你可以给我剥个橙子吗？
peer [pɪə(r)]
【释】v. 仔细看，费力地看（to look very carefully, especially because something is difficult to see）
【用】peer at 凝视；peer through 费力地看
【例】Sandy peered at the neighbours from behind the curtain. 桑迪从窗帘背后偷看邻居们。
【析】peer, stare, glare和gaze都有“凝视”的意思。peer一般指“因看东西困难而凝视”，常与at或into连用；stare常指“因惊奇、生气或无聊而盯着看”，一般和at或into搭配；glare强调“怒目而视”，常和at连用；而gaze多表示“因兴趣或思考而盯着看”，常表达惊奇、欢喜、羡慕等情绪，也经常与at或into搭配。
penetrate [ˈpenətreɪt]
【释】v. 刺穿，渗入（to get inside an object or body by getting through something）
【例】These are the brave explorers who first penetrated the jungles of Africa. 这些勇敢的探险家第一次深入了非洲丛林。
perform [pəˈfɔːm]
【释】v. 做，履行 （to carry out an action or pattern of behaviour）
【例】Several grafts may be performed during one operation. 一次手术可能要完成好几项移植。
pierce [pɪəs]
【释】v. 刺穿，刺破（to cut or pass through with or as if with a sharp instrument）
【用】pierce through 刺入；穿过，进入
【例】Jack pierced the rubber ball with a knife. 杰克用刀子刺穿了橡皮球。
pile up
【释】堆积，积累
【例】Newspapers and magazines were piled up on the floor. 地板上堆积了大量的报纸和杂志。
pound [paʊnd]
【释】v. 强烈打击，（连续）猛击（to hit something several times with a lot of force）
【用】pound away at/against/on 连续猛击
【例】The troops was pounded with mortar fire. 军队遭到炮火的连续猛击。
prosecute [ˈprɒsɪkjuːt]
【释】v. 贯彻，执行［to pursue (an undertaking, for example) until completion; follow to the very end］
【例】An investigation was prosecuted to find out whereabouts of the murderer. 展开了搜索凶手下落的调查。
punch [pʌntʃ]
【释】v. 重击，猛击（to hit someone or something with your fist, usually as hard as you can）
【例】The boxer punched Tom on the nose. 拳击手猛击汤姆的鼻子。
pursue [pəˈsjuː]
【释】v. 追求
【析】pursue和chase都有“追求”之意。chase指“快速地追赶或追捕”，常用搭配是chase after；pursue是正式用语，指“为了达到目的而长期坚持不懈地做某事”，其后常跟aim, goal, objective等名词，但是chase不能和上述名词连用。
put out
【释】熄灭，关灭
【例】Remember to put out the lamp when you go to bed. 记得在睡觉前把灯关了。
quench [kwentʃ]
【释】v. 熄灭，扑灭火焰（to put out fire, especially with water）
【例】Firemen tried their best to quench the flames. 消防员竭尽全力扑灭火焰。
quit [kwɪt]
【释】v. 停止，放弃（to stop doing something; to leave a place）
【用】quit doing 停止做
【例】We encourage younger people to quit smoking. 我们鼓励年轻人戒烟。
rap [ræp]
【释】v. （轻而快地）敲击，急敲（to hit something hard and quickly）
【例】Cinderella and the prince were rapping and dancing with the music. 灰姑娘和王子随着音乐翩然起舞。
reel [riːl]
【释】v. 来回旋转（to wind on or as if on a reel）
【用】reel...in/out 在（卷轴等）上缠绕；reel...off 一口气说出
【例】Men in wheelchairs reeled around the room, singing. 坐在轮椅上的人们在屋里转着唱歌。
reject [rɪˈdʒekt]
【释】v. 抛弃，丢弃（to throw away something）
【例】The cat rejected her ailing baby and refused to nurse it. 那只猫抛弃了它生病的猫崽，拒绝喂它。
revolve [rɪˈvɒlv]
【释】v.（使）旋转，绕转（to move in a curved path round a centre or axis）
【用】revolve round/around 绕着…旋转；以…为中心
【例】The earth revolves around the sun. 地球围绕着太阳转。
rotate [rəʊˈteɪt]
【释】v.（使）旋转，（使）转动（to turn about an axis or a centre）
【例】The earth rotates on its axis while it revolves in its orbit. 地球在绕地轴自转的同时绕轨道旋转。
rush [rʌʃ]
【释】v.（使）冲，（使）突进（to move forward, progress, or act with haste or eagerness or without preparation）
【用】rush sb. into sth./doing sth. 使某人仓促行事
【例】Two dogs rushed at Mary, growling and baring their teeth. 两条狗冲向玛丽，露出牙齿狂吠。
scale [skeɪl]
【释】v. 刮鱼鳞（to remove scales from fish）
【用】scale off 剥落
【例】Mother scaled the fish with a knife. 妈妈用刀子刮鱼鳞。
scan [skæn]
【释】v. 细看，审视（to examine by point-by-point observation or checking）
【例】Tracy was nervous and kept scanning the crowd for Paul. 特蕾西很紧张，不断替保罗审视着拥挤的人群。
send over
【释】发送（to send out something）
【例】Didn't you notice the signal I sent over? 你没有注意到我发给你的信号吗？
separate [ˈseprət]
【释】v. 使分离，使分开（to keep people or things apart from each other）
【用】separate the sheep from the goats 把好人同坏人分开
【例】The channel separates the small island from the mainland. 海峡把内陆和小岛隔开了。
set apart
【释】使分离，使分开
【例】The dormitory is set apart from other school buildings and surrounded by tall trees. 宿舍楼与其他教学楼分开，并且被高大的树木环绕。
shatter [ˈʃætə(r)]
【释】v. 使…粉碎，破碎（to break at once into pieces; to damage badly）
【用】shatter the peace/silence 打破寂静；shatter one's confidence/hopes/illusions 使某人失去自信/丧失希望/梦想破灭
【例】A bolt of lightning shattered the oak tree. 一道闪电击倒了橡树。
shell [ʃel]
【释】v. 剥…的壳（to remove the outer part that covers nuts, peas, or other foods）
【例】Mary shelled and ate a few nuts. 玛丽剥去坚果的皮，吃了几粒。
siege [siːdʒ]
【释】v. 包围，围攻（to subject to a siege）
【例】Our reinforcement was trying to send supplies to the city which had been sieged by the enemy. 我们的援军试图把物资送入被敌军包围的城市里。
skin [skɪn]
【释】v. 剥皮（to remove the skin from an animal, fruit, or vegetable）
【用】skin...alive［威胁用语］活剥
【例】The hunter skinned and gutted the rabbit. 猎人把兔子的皮剥了，然后清除内脏。
smash [smæʃ]
【释】v. 粉碎，打烂（to break something noisily into many pieces by dropping or hitting it with a lot of force）
【用】smash...down 击倒
【例】Jason smashed the bottle to smithereens against the rocks. 贾森在岩石上把瓶子摔得粉碎。
spin [spɪn]
【释】v.（使）旋转（to turn or cause to turn or whirl around quickly）
【用】spin...round 使…快速旋转
【例】The teacher spun round to see who had spoken. 老师在教室里走动看谁说话。
spiral [ˈspaɪrəl]
【释】v. 盘旋上升（或下降）（to move in the shape of a spiral, or to make something do this）
【用】spiral upward/downward 盘旋上升/下降
【例】Vines spiraled upward toward the roof. 藤蔓盘绕着向屋顶蔓延。
split up
【释】分裂
【例】The constant civil war split up the country. 不断的内战使这个国家分崩离析。
stab [stæb]
【释】v. 刺伤，戳（to kill or hurt someone by pushing a knife or other sharp object into his/her body）
【用】stab...in the back 背地里中伤
【例】Somebody stabbed the mayor in the stomach. 有人在市长的腹部捅了一刀。
stagger [ˈstæɡə(r)]
【释】v. 蹒跚，摇晃（to walk in an uncontrolled way, as if you are going to fall over）
【用】stagger along 摇摇晃晃地走
【例】The wounded soldier staggered along. 受伤的士兵走起路来摇摇晃晃的。
stare [steə(r)]
【释】v. 盯，凝视（to look fixedly often with wide-open eyes）
【用】stare at 凝视
step [step]
【释】v. 跨步，行走（to go on foot）
【用】step aside 让位；让开；step down 辞职，让位；step in 介入
【例】Trevor stepped on the glass and cut his foot. 特雷弗踩在玻璃上，把脚划伤了。
stick [stɪk]
【释】v. 粘贴，粘住；坚持；刺，戳（to fasten one thing to another, especially using a sticky substance such as glue）
【用】stick to 坚持
【例】The broken pieces of the vase were well stuck together. 花瓶破损的碎片被很好地粘合在一起。
stride [straɪd]
【释】v. 大步走（过）；跨过（to move with or as if with long steps）
【用】stride over/across 一步跨越
【例】The teacher turned abruptly and strode off down the corridor. 老师突然转身，然后沿着走廊大步地走了。
strike [straɪk]
【释】v. 敲，撞（to hit someone or something with your hand, a tool, or a weapon）
【用】strike at 打，敲击
strip [strɪp]
【释】v. 剥去，除去（to remove something that covers something）
【用】strip...(from/off/of) 从…去除；strip sb. of sth. 剥夺某人某物
【例】The wind has stripped the leaves from the trees. 风把树上的叶子刮了下来。
stroll [strəʊl]
【释】v. 闲逛，漫步（to walk without hurrying, often for pleasure）
【例】After dinner, I strolled around the city. 晚饭后，我们在城里闲逛了一圈。
【析】stroll和wander都有“闲逛，漫步”的意思。stroll作“闲逛，漫步”讲时，强调“悠闲地、惬意地散步”；wander意为“漫步，徘徊”，指“没有目标地乱走”。
submit [səbˈmɪt]
【释】v. 屈服，听从（to agree to obey a rule, a law, or the decision of someone in authority）
【用】submit to 屈服于，顺从于
【例】In the end, they submitted to the Americans. 最后，他们屈服于美国人了。
surround [səˈraʊnd]
【释】v. 包围（to be all around or on all sides of someone or something）
【用】surround...with 用…包围
【例】When the car stopped in the town square it was surrounded by soldiers and militiamen. 轿车在城市广场停下后，被士兵和民兵围了起来。
survey [səˈveɪ]
【释】v. 审视，观察（to look at or examine something）
【例】Two women were surveying the other people on the platform. 两个女人在审视月台上的其他人。
swallow up
【释】吞没；掩盖
【例】The thick fog swallowed up the whole city. 浓雾吞没了整个城市。
tangle [ˈtæŋɡl]
【释】n. 混乱（the messy shape that things make when they are twisted around each other or something else）
【例】The wire was in a tangle. 线都缠绕在一起了。
tear [teə(r)]
【释】v. 飞跑，疾驶（to move or act with violence, haste, or force）
【例】Many children are tearing about on the playground. 很多孩子在操场上奔跑。
toast [təʊst]
【释】v. 敬酒
【例】Please fill up the glasses and toast the bride and bridegroom. 请各位斟满酒杯，向新郎新娘祝酒。
twirl [twɜːl]
【释】v.（使某物）盘绕，缠绕（to move in circles, or make something move in circles）
【例】Sarah lifted her hand and started twirling a strand of hair. 萨拉抬起手，开始玩弄一缕头发。
twist [twɪst]
【释】v. 缠绕，扭曲（to force something out of its original shape by bending it or turning it around）
【用】twist off 扭断，拧断
【例】The steel lamp posts were twisted together by the explosion. 钢灯柱在爆炸中缠绕在了一起。
uplift [ˈʌplɪft]
【释】v. 提高，抬高；鼓舞（尤指在精神、道德或情绪方面）（to make someone feel happier or more hopeful）
【例】The mysteries of Islam uplifted them. 伊斯兰教的神秘鼓舞了他们。
vigil [ˈvɪdʒɪl]
【释】n. 守夜
wander [ˈwɒndə(r)]
【释】v. 闲逛，漫步（to travel without purpose）
【用】wander about/around 徘徊，闲逛
【例】When he got bored, he wandered around. 当他感到无聊时，就会去闲逛。
watch [wɒtʃ]
【释】v. 注视，观看（to look at）
【用】watch out (for) 密切注意，提防，留神
【例】He watched the barman prepare the beer he had ordered. 他看着酒保准备他点的啤酒。
weave [wiːv]
【释】v. 编织［to form (cloth) by interlacing strands］
【用】weave...into 把…织成；weave...(out of/from) 把…编成
【例】The women shut themselves behind closed doors to weave their cloth. 女人们把自己关起来织布。
wedding [ˈwedɪŋ]
【释】n. 婚礼
weld [weld]
【释】v. 焊接［to unite (metallic parts) by heating and allowing the metals to flow together or by hammering or compressing with］
【例】It's possible to weld stainless steel to ordinary steel. 把不锈钢焊接在普通的钢上是可以实现的。
wheel [wiːl]
【释】v. 转动，旋转（to turn on or as if on an axis）
【用】wheel round/around 转身
【例】The nurse wheeled the cart up to the bed. 护士把手推车推到病床边。
whirl [wɜːl]
【释】v. 旋转（to move in a circle or similar curve especially with force or speed）
【例】The letter was picked up by the wind and whirled into the air. 风刮起了那封信，又把它带到了空中。
wind [waɪnd]
【释】v. 绕，缠绕（to encircle something around itself or something else）
【用】wind up 卷起；结束
【例】The horse jumped forwards and round Sheila, winding the rope round her. 马围着希拉跳，缰绳都把她缠起来了。
wolf [wʊlf]
【释】v. 狼吞虎咽（to eat something very quickly）
【用】wolf down 狼吞虎咽
【例】Carl wolfed down his food with nothing left. 卡尔狼吞虎咽地吃完了食物，一点没剩。
yield [jiːld]
【释】v. 屈服，顺从（to allow oneself to be overcome by pressure）
【用】yield to 向…屈服
【例】The central government has not yielded to public opinion. 中央政府没有屈服于公众的舆论。
zip [zɪp]
【释】v. 飞快移动（to travel with a sharp hissing or humming sound）
【用】zip across/along/through 迅速地移动
【例】The bullets zipped past. 子弹呼啸而过。
zoom [zuːm]
【释】v. 急速移动（to go speedily）
【例】A police car zoomed very close to them. 一辆警车迅速开到他们跟前。
amass [əˈmæs]
【释】v. 积聚 （to collect a lot of something such as money or information over a period of time）
【用】amass a fortune 积累财富
【例】They have amassed a fortune worth about $51 billion. 他们积聚了价值约为510亿美元的财富。
bequeath [bɪˈkwiːð]
【释】v. 遗赠（to give someone money or property after one dies by making a legal document called a will）
【用】bequeath...to 将…遗赠给
【例】The millionaire bequeathed all his money to the charity. 百万富翁把他所有的钱都遗赠给了慈善组织。
besiege [bɪˈsiːdʒ]
【释】v. 烦扰；包围，围攻（to surround a place with an army and prevent the people there from getting food and supplies）
【用】besiege...with 以（问题、请求等）使…应接不暇
【例】Our troops had besieged the enemy's headquarters. 我们的军队包围了敌军的总司令部。
cleave to
【释】黏着
【例】With such a heavy load, Daniel's feet seemed to cleave to the ground. 背着这么沉的东西，丹尼尔的脚好像粘在地上一样。
counteract [ˌkaʊntərˈækt]
【释】v. 消除，抵消（to reduce the negative effect of something）
【例】Schools are taking action to counteract bullying. 学校正采取措施杜绝恃强凌弱的行为。
deter [dɪˈtɜː(r)]
【释】v. 威慑；阻止（to make someone decide not to do something）
【用】deter...from doing 阻止…做
【例】The bad weather didn't deter people from coming to watch the game. 坏天气也没能阻止人们前来观看比赛。
devour [dɪˈvaʊə(r)]
【释】v. 吞食（to eat something very fast because you are hungry）
【用】be devoured by 心中充满（好奇、忧虑等）
【例】Those hungry men devoured the braised beef. 那些饥饿的人一口吞食了焖牛肉。
encircle [ɪnˈsɜːkl]
【释】v. 环绕，围绕；包围（to completely surround something）
【例】The gaol was encircled by a forty-foot-high concrete wall. 监狱由40英尺高的水泥墙包围着。
gobble up
【释】狼吞虎咽；消耗掉；贪婪地抓住
【例】The man gobbled up the few remaining tickets. 那个男人抢走了为数不多的几张剩余票。
hitch [hɪtʃ]
【释】v. 蹒跚（to move with halts and jerks）
【用】hitch a ride ［口］要求（免费）搭车
【例】An old man hitched along on his cane. 那位老人拄着拐杖蹒跚前行。
husk [hʌsk]
【释】v. 除去…的外壳；削皮（to remove the dry outer cover of some types of grain）
【例】Tom husked several walnuts and began eating. 汤姆剥去几个核桃的皮，开始吃起来。
inhale [ɪnˈheɪl]
【释】v. 吸入，吸气
【例】I hate to inhale the smoke of a cigarette smoker. 我特别反感吸二手烟。
jumble [ˈdʒʌmbl]
【释】n. 混杂，掺杂（a collection of different things mixed together）
【用】a jumble of 杂乱的一堆
【例】The little town is a jumble of brick and wooden buildings. 小镇是砖建筑和木建筑的混合体。
medley [ˈmedli]
【释】n. 混杂（a mixture of things such as different types of food）
mishmash [ˈmɪʃmæʃ]
【释】n. 混杂物（a messy or confused collection of different things）
【用】a mishmash of 杂乱的一堆
【例】The floor was covered with a mishmash of broken china and goblets. 地板上杂乱地布满了破碎瓷器和酒杯。
obstruct [əbˈstrʌkt]
【释】v. 妨碍，阻塞（to put difficulties in the way of）
【用】obstruct...in/from doing 阻挠…做
【例】He disliked the plan but had not actively obstructed it. 他不喜欢这个计划，但没有刻意阻挠它。
ooze [uːz]
【释】v. 渗出；泄漏（to flow or leak out slowly）
【用】ooze from/out of 从…慢慢流出，从…中渗出；ooze out 渗出，流出
【例】The cut on his arm was oozing blood. 他臂膀上的伤口渗出血迹来。
prick [prɪk]
【释】v. 刺，扎（to make a very small hole in the surface of something）
【用】prick...(with) （用…）刺；prick the bubble (of) 使（对…的）幻想破灭
【例】Jack pricked holes in the foil with a pin. 杰克用针在金属薄片上刺了几个洞。
pummel [ˈpʌml]
【释】v.（用拳）接连地打（to hit someone or something many times, for example with your fists）
【例】Robinson pummeled the bully soundly. 罗宾逊结结实实地教训了那个恶霸一顿。
puncture [ˈpʌŋktʃə(r)]
【释】v. 在…上穿孔，刺穿（to make a small hole in the surface of something）
【例】The tyre is guaranteed never to puncture or go flat. 这种轮胎保证永不会穿孔和瘪胎。
renounce [rɪˈnaʊns]
【释】v. 声明放弃（信仰、主义、权力等）（to state formally that you want to give up a right, title, position etc.）
【用】renounce...for 为…摒弃或背弃
【例】After a period of imprisonment she renounced terrorism. 一段时间的监禁过后，她声明摒弃恐怖主义。
roam [rəʊm]
【释】v. 漫游，闲逛（to move or travel with no particular purpose）
【例】The lovers roamed across the fields in complete forgetfulness of the time. 这对情侣在田野里闲逛，完全忘记了时间。
seep [siːp]
【释】v. 漏出，（指液体）渗出（to flow into or out of something through small holes）
【用】seep in 渗入
【例】The rain had seeped through Jack's clothes. 雨水浸透了杰克的衣服。
shuck [ʃʌk]
【释】v. 剥壳，去皮（to remove the shell or outer part of something）
【例】On a good day, each employee will shuck 3,500 oysters. 情况好的话，每个员工可以剥3500只牡蛎。
smelt [smelt]
【释】v. 熔解，熔炼［to melt (as ore) often with an accompanying chemical change, usually to separate the metal］
【例】In this factory, high grade tin is smelted from ore. 在这个工厂里，优质锡是由矿石熔炼而来的。
stack up
【释】堆积
【例】Plates of delicious food stacked up on the counters. 柜台里摆放着一盘盘美味的食物。
swivel [ˈswɪvl]
【释】v. 旋转（to revolve rapidly）
【用】swivel...round 使…旋转
【例】On hearing the voice, the patient swiveled his chair round to see who had come in. 听到声音，病人转动轮椅去看谁进来了。
synthesise [ˈsɪnθəsaɪz]
【释】v. 合成，综合（to combine or produce by synthesis）
【例】Justin synthesised and analysed the information to make a judgment. 贾斯廷综合并分析信息以作出判断。
tread [tred]
【释】v. 踏，行走（to step or walk on or over）
【用】tread...down 把…踩实；tread on one's corns 冒犯/得罪某人
【例】Ben accidentally trod on the foot of the man behind him. 本不小心踩了后面那个男人一脚。
twine [twaɪn]
【释】v.（使某物）缠绕或卷绕（to wind around something, or to make something wind around something）
【用】twine...around 将…缠绕在…上
【例】Climbing plants had twined around the branches of the dead tree. 爬藤类植物缠绕在枯树的树枝上。
baulk [bɔːk]
【释】v. 妨碍（to be unwilling to do something or let something happen）
【用】baulk at 受制于
【例】They really wanted the apartment, but they baulked at the price. 他们很想要那套公寓，但是价格让他们犹豫了。
beset [bɪˈset]
【释】v. 包围（to hem in）
【例】The mountains beset the lake round. 群山包围着湖。
bestow [bɪˈstəʊ]
【释】v. 赠与，授予（to give valuable property or an important right or honour to someone）
【用】bestow...on/upon 将…授予
【例】The chairman of the sports committee bestowed the trophy upon the winner. 运动委员会的主席将奖杯授予获胜者。
braid [breɪd]
【释】v. 编织（to twist fibres around each other to make a rope or braid）
【例】Mary's hair is braided across her head in a Nordic fashion. 玛丽像北欧人那样把头发编成小辫。
commingle [kəˈmɪŋɡl]
【释】v. 搀和，混合（to mix thoroughly into a harmonious whole）
【例】Fact is inextricably commingled with fiction. 事实与虚构混杂难分。
conglomerate [kənˈɡlɒmərət]
【释】v. 聚合，聚集（to gather into a mass or coherent whole）
【例】Numbers of people conglomerated around the spot of the car accident. 很多人聚集在车祸现场。
convolute [ˈkɒnvəˌluːt]
【释】v. 盘绕，卷起（to fold or cause to coil or fold in overlapping whorls）
【例】The plastic sheet convolutes when it is heated. 加热后，塑料薄膜就会卷起来。
decorticate [diːˈkɒːtɪkeɪt]
【释】v. 剥皮，去皮（to remove the bark, husk, or outer layer from something）
【例】Trees will wilt if you decorticate their barks. 如果你剥去树皮，树就会枯萎。
defer [dɪˈfɜː(r)]
【释】v. 听从，服从（to agree to accept what someone has decided or what they think about someone or something because you respect him or her）
【用】defer to 服从（…的意愿等）
【例】I will defer to Mr. White on this point. 在这一点上我听从怀特先生。
dissociate [dɪˈsəʊʃieɪt, dɪˈsəʊsieɪt]
【释】v. 分离；分裂（to consider two people or things to be separate, different, or not connected to each other）
【用】dissociate...from（在感情方面）将…与…分开
dwindle [ˈdwɪndl]
【释】v. 变小（to become gradually less or smaller over a period of time until almost nothing remains）
【用】dwindle to/into 减少到/减少成；dwindle away 逐渐变小
【例】Water supplies have dwindled to their lowest level in ten years in our city. 我们城市的供水在十年间减少到了最低限度。
entwine [ɪnˈtwaɪn]
【释】v. 使…缠绕（to twine together or around）
【用】entwine...(with/round) 将…缠绕（在…上）
【例】Mary entwines her fingers around her boyfriend's. 玛丽和男友十指相扣。
forsake [fəˈseɪk]
【释】v. 遗弃，抛弃（to leave someone or stop helping or taking care of them; to stop doing, using, or having something）
【用】forsake one's former habits 抛弃旧习惯
【例】Monica pleaded with her husband not to forsake her. 莫妮卡央求丈夫不要抛弃她。
gorge [ɡɔːdʒ]
【释】v. 贪婪地吃，塞饱（to eat greedily; to eat or drink so much of something until you cannot eat or drink any more）
【用】gorge oneself on/with 猛吃
【例】The fat woman gorged herself constantly with desserts. 那个胖女人一直在狂吃甜点。
gulp [ɡʌlp]
【释】v. 狼吞虎咽地吃，吞咽（to eat or drink quickly in a way that shows you are very hungry）
【用】gulp down 吞咽
【例】Tracy quickly gulped her drink. 特蕾西一口喝光了饮料。
hobble [ˈhɒbl]
【释】v. 蹒跚（to walk slowly and with difficulty because your feet are sore or injured）
【用】hobble across/along/down 蹒跚而行
【例】I hurt my foot and had to hobble. 我的脚受伤了，走路一跛一跛的。
hodgepodge [ˈhɒdʒpɒdʒ]
【释】n. 大杂烩，一团糟（a collection of things that do not belong together or have been put together carelessly）
【例】My garden was simply a hodgepodge of herbs, flowers, and shrubs. 我的花园就是花、草和灌木丛的大杂烩。
instigate [ˈɪnstɪɡeɪt]
【释】v. 鼓动
interlace [ˌɪntəˈleɪs]
【释】v. （使）交织，（使）交错（to unite by or as if by lacing together）
【用】interlace...with 使…和…相交织
【例】Tom's hands were interlaced behind his head. 汤姆将双手交叉放在脑后。
intertwine [ˌɪntəˈtwaɪn]
【释】v. 缠，绕（to unite by twining one with another）
【例】The vines are intertwined to make a wreath. 把藤条缠绕在一起做一个花环。
lessen [ˈlesn]
【释】v. 变少，减少（to become smaller in amount, level, or importance）
【例】Traffic had lessened and the Mercedes began to pick up speed. 车辆变少了，奔驰车可以加速了。
mangle [ˈmæŋɡl]
【释】v. 撕裂，毁坏（to damage or hurt someone or something seriously by twisting or crushing them）
meander [miˈændə(r)]
【释】v. （指人）漫步，闲逛（to move slowly without a particular direction or purpose in mind）
【例】Vagabonds meander through life. 流浪者一生都在闲逛。
meld [meld]
【释】v.（使）混合；（使）合并（to combine or make something combine with something else）
【例】Clouds and grey sea melded and a steady rain began. 云和灰色的大海融为一体，雨开始下个不停。
miscellany [mɪˈseləni]
【释】n. 混合物（a collection of things of various kinds）
neutralise [ˈnjuːtrəlaɪz]
【释】v.（使）无效，中和（to take away the effect or special quality of something by using something with the opposite effect or quality）
【例】Acids neutralise alkalis and vice versa. 酸能中和碱，碱也能中和酸。
ogle [ˈəʊɡl]
【释】v. 注视；做媚眼（to look hard at someone in an offensive way, usually showing sexual interest）
【用】ogle at 色迷迷地看
【例】Paula is not used to everyone ogling at her while she undresses backstage. 保拉不习惯在后台换衣服时被人注视。
overstate [ˌəʊvəˈsteɪt]
【释】v. 夸张（to talk about something in a way that makes it seem more important, impressive, or severe than it really is）
【例】He may have overstated his ability in the interview. 他可能在采访中夸大了自己的实力。
pare [peə(r)]
【释】v. 削，剥（to remove the skin from a fruit or vegetable using a knife）
【用】pare...off（从…）剥去
【例】Tony cut his finger when he was paring an apple. 托尼在削苹果时切到了手指。
percolate [ˈpɜːkəleɪt]
【释】v. 渗透（to drain or seep through a porous material or filter）
【例】Rainwater percolates slowly through the soil. 雨水慢慢渗入土壤里。
perforate [ˈpɜːfəreɪt]
【释】v. 打洞（to pierce, punch, or bore a hole or holes in something）
quarantine [ˈkwɒrəntiːn]
【释】v. 隔离（to keep a person or animal in quarantine）
【例】The man was quarantined because of SARS. 那人因感染了“非典”而被隔离。
ramble [ˈræmbl]
【释】v. 漫步（to go for a long walk）
【例】They rambled through the woods. 他们在树林里漫步。
retard [rɪˈtɑːd]
【释】v. 阻碍（某人或某物）的发展；妨碍（to slow down or delay the development of someone or something）
【例】Lack of vitamin will retard children's growth. 缺少维生素会阻碍儿童的发育。
saunter [ˈsɔːntə(r)]
【释】v. 闲逛，漫步（to walk in a slow and relaxed way）
【例】The old lady saunters through the woods every morning. 那个老妇人每天早晨都在树林里漫步。
scrutinise [ˈskruːtənaɪz]
【释】v. 详细检查，细察（to examine closely and minutely）
【例】Her purpose was to scrutinise Claude's features to see if he was an honest man. 她的目的是详细检查克劳德的性格特点，看看他是否是一个诚实的人。
shun [ʃʌn]
【释】v. 避开，避免（to deliberately avoid a person, place, or activity）
【用】shun doing 避免做
【例】Josie lives alone, shunned by society. 乔茜独自生活，与世隔绝。
splinter [ˈsplɪntə(r)]
【释】v. 裂成碎片（to break, or to break something, into small sharp pieces）
【用】splinter...off 使…裂成碎片
【例】The stone rocketed into the glass, splintering it. 石头砸到了玻璃上，把玻璃打成了碎片。
strut [strʌt]
【释】v. 趾高气扬地走（to walk with a proud gait）
【例】Jimmy strutted around the town like he owned the place. 吉米趾高气扬地走在镇上，好像这个地方属于他似的。
supplicate [ˈsʌplɪkeɪt]
【释】v. 恳求，请求
swagger [ˈswæɡə(r)]
【释】v. 大摇大摆地走（to walk with an air of overbearing self-confidence）
【例】The tall boy swaggered down the street after winning the fight. 那个高个子男孩在争斗中胜出后大摇大摆地走在街上。
thump [θʌmp]
【释】v. 重击，捶击（to hit against something with a low loud sound）
【例】They beat, kicked and thumped the poor boy. 他们打他、踢他，重击这个可怜的男孩。
totter [ˈtɒtə(r)]
【释】v. 步履蹒跚（to stand or move in a way that is not steady）
【例】The patient was able, after five days, to totter feebly out upon the veranda. 五天后，那个病人可以在走廊里步履蹒跚地走路了。
traipse [treɪps]
【释】v. 漫步，闲荡；疲惫地走（to walk somewhere slowly when you are tired and unwilling）
【例】The vagrant traipsed around southern England for 18 weeks. 那个流浪汉在英国南部闲荡了18个星期。
transact [trænˈzækt]
【释】v. 执行，处理（to carry on the operation or management of）
【例】Mr. Harrison was on his way to New York to transact some business there. 哈里森先生在去纽约处理公务的路上。
trudge [trʌdʒ]
【释】v. 跋涉（to walk or march steadily and usually laboriously）
【例】Explorers trudged through deep snow. 探险者在厚厚的雪里艰难跋涉。
trundle [ˈtrʌndl]
【释】v. 推动，滚动（to progress by revolving）
【例】The farmer trundled a wheelbarrow through the river. 农民推着一辆独轮手推车过河。
wreathe [riːð]
【释】v. 缭绕，环绕盘旋（to move or extend in circles or spirals）
【用】wreathe...(in/with)（用…）环绕
【例】Blue smoke wreathed upward into the dark sky. 蓝色的烟雾缭绕上升，飘向黑暗的天空。
Whenever you have an aim you must sacrifice something of freedom to attain it.
不论什么时候，只要你有一个目标，你就得牺牲一定的自由去实现它。
——W. S. 毛姆（William Somerset Maugham）
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