第193期：合同法317-321条 多式联运的责任制度

Article 317 The operator of multi-modal transport is responsible for fulfilling or organizing the fulfillment of a multi-modal transport contract, enjoy the rights of a carrier and assume its obligations throughout the entire transport process.

Article 318 The operator of multi-modal transport may stipulate with the carriers of the different sections of the multi-modal transport on their respective responsibility for transport in each section under the multi-modal transport contract. However, such stipulations shall not affect the obligations of the operator for the entire transport process.

Article 319 The operator of multi-modal transport shall, when receiving the goods consigned for transport by the consignor, issue multi-modal transport documents. At the request of the consignor, the multi-modal transport documents may be transferable or non-transferable.

Article 320 If losses are caused to the operator of multi-modal transport due to the fault of the consignor at the time of consigning the goods for transport, even if the consignor has transferred its multi-modal transport documents, the consignor shall still hold the liability for losses.

Article 321 If damage or loss of goods occurs in one section of the multi-modal transport, the provisions of related laws regulating the transport modes of the section shall apply to the liability for damages and its limits to be held by the operator of multi-modal transport. If it is impossible to determine in which section of transport such damage or loss has occurred, the liability for damages shall be governed by the provisions of this Chapter.

核心词汇和搭配：

multi-modal transport 多式联运

fulfillment 履行

enjoy the rights of 享有...的权利

assume its obligations 承担...的义务

respective responsibility 各自的责任

stipulations 约定

issue 签发

transferable or non-transferable 可转让或不可转让的

transferred its multi-modal transport documents 转让多式联运单据

条文对照讲解：

第三百一十七条　多式联运经营人负责履行或者组织履行多式联运合同，对全程运输享有承运人的权利，承担承运人的义务。

第三百一十八条　多式联运经营人可以与参加多式联运的各区段承运人就多式联运合同的各区段运输约定相互之间的责任，但该约定不影响多式联运经营人对全程运输承担的义务。

第三百一十九条　多式联运经营人收到托运人交付的货物时，应当签发多式联运单据。按照托运人的要求，多式联运单据可以是可转让单据，也可以是不可转让单据。

第三百二十条　因托运人托运货物时的过错造成多式联运经营人损失的，即使托运人已经转让多式联运单据，托运人仍然应当承担损害赔偿责任。

第三百二十一条　货物的毁损、灭失发生于多式联运的某一运输区段的，多式联运经营人的赔偿责任和责任限额，适用调整该区段运输方式的有关法律规定。货物毁损、灭失发生的运输区段不能确定的，依照本章规定承担损害赔偿责任。

附注：中文条文选自《中华人民共和国合同法》（现行有效），英文条文选自全国人大法规库版本。

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